殺蟲(chóng)劑對(duì)二化螟卵寄生性天敵稻螟赤眼蜂室內(nèi)安全性評(píng)價(jià).pdf

1、摘要?dú)⑾x(chóng)劑對(duì)二化螟卯寄生性天敵稻螟赤眼蜂室內(nèi)安全性評(píng)價(jià)摘要稻螟赤眼蜂屬于卵寄生蜂，是稻田一種主要天敵，對(duì)控制二化螟、三化螟、稻縱卷葉螟等害蟲(chóng)的發(fā)生起著重要作用本文在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)了七類(lèi)殺蟲(chóng)荊對(duì)其各蟲(chóng)態(tài)的安全性采用莼陵法評(píng)價(jià)了七類(lèi)29種殺蟲(chóng)荊對(duì)以米蛾卵為寄主的稻螟赤眼蜂戍垮的安全性，結(jié)果表明：噻嗪酮，氟啶脲、蟲(chóng)酰肼、呋喃蟲(chóng)酰肼、氟鈴脲等昆蟲(chóng)生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑類(lèi)藥瓤時(shí)成蜂是安全的，它們對(duì)成蜂的毒力很低，Lc501000mgai，L；噻蟲(chóng)嗪、異

2、丙威毒死蜱二嗪磷、辛硫磷及吡蟲(chóng)啉對(duì)成蜂的安全性很差，它們對(duì)成蜂的毒力很高，LCso為O0140089nagai／L同時(shí)還比較了三唑磷和甲胺磷對(duì)分別以二化螟卵和米蛾卵為寄主的稻螟赤眼蜂成蜂的安全性差異，結(jié)果表明這兩種藥荊均對(duì)后者更安全噴霧法處理稻株不同時(shí)間后，噻嗪酮，蟲(chóng)酰肼、呋喃蟲(chóng)酰肼、氟鈴脲對(duì)成蜂存活和雌蜂產(chǎn)卵寄生基本沒(méi)有不利影響，氟蟲(chóng)睹、噻蟲(chóng)嗪，毒死蜱、三唑磷對(duì)戍蜂存活有極明顯不利影響，成蜂接觸用藥處理后2d和7d稻葉的死亡率分別為1

3、00％和800989％用氟蟲(chóng)腈、三唑磷處理后7d的稻葉對(duì)成蜂寄生能力無(wú)不利影響，而噻蟲(chóng)嗪處理有顯著影響采用卵卡浸漬法測(cè)定11種藥劑對(duì)戌蜂影響的結(jié)果表明，吡蟲(chóng)啉、三唑磷、氟蟲(chóng)腈毒死蜱顯著影響Fo代成蜂存活、寄生及FI代成蜂羽化，而噻嗪酮、蟲(chóng)酰肼，呋喃蟲(chóng)酰肼，氟鈴脲對(duì)Fo代，F(xiàn)I代成蜂存活和寄生基本沒(méi)有不利影響；甲維鹽對(duì)Fo代成蜂沒(méi)有不利影響，但對(duì)Fo代成蜂的寄生能力有一定程度的不利影響；噻蟲(chóng)嗪對(duì)Fo代成蜂存活有較明顯的不利影響、對(duì)寄生能力

4、有一定程度的不利影響，但對(duì)Fl代成蜂存活和寄生無(wú)不利影響采用浸漬法分別處理內(nèi)合卵期、幼蟲(chóng)期、預(yù)蛹期，蛹期稻螟赤眼蜂的寄主卵時(shí)，噻嗪酮、蟲(chóng)酰肼、呋喃蟲(chóng)酰肼對(duì)成蜂羽化沒(méi)有不利影響，羽化率達(dá)814918％；氟鈴脲對(duì)蛹期，甲維鹽對(duì)卵期和蛹期、噻蟲(chóng)嗪對(duì)卵期也基本沒(méi)有不利影響，成蜂羽化率降低比率均小于20％，這些藥劑對(duì)其它蟲(chóng)態(tài)有不同程度的影響；7甲胺磷處理這4個(gè)蟲(chóng)態(tài)，成蜂羽化率為185～396％，而吡蟲(chóng)啉、三唑磷、氟蟲(chóng)腈、毒死蜱、異丙威、敵敵畏等6

5、種藥荊各處理羽化率均小于10％無(wú)論處理哪個(gè)蟲(chóng)態(tài)，噻嗪酮、蟲(chóng)酰肼呋喃蟲(chóng)酰肼對(duì)新羽化成蜂的壽命均沒(méi)有不利影響，而甲維鹽、噻蟲(chóng)嗪對(duì)羽化成蜂的壽命均有一定程度的不利影響ABSTRAC丁LABORATORYSAFETYEV札UATIONOFINSECTICIDESTO2R，C日DG幽^IA幼JAP0唧聊ASHM哐AD(HYMENOPTERA：TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE、，ANEGGPIARASITOIDOFC日兒DS(儼P尺琊爿乙五SⅥ‘

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