畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)運(yùn)用灰色關(guān)系分析選擇供營(yíng)商的聯(lián)合方法外文資料翻譯

1、<p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)運(yùn)用灰色關(guān)系分析選擇供營(yíng)商的聯(lián)合方法外文資料翻譯</p><p>　　河 北 科 技 大 學(xué)</p><p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 論文 外文資料翻譯</p><p>　　學(xué) 院 經(jīng)濟(jì)管理學(xué)院 </p><p>　　專 業(yè) 國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)與貿(mào)易

2、 </p><p>　　姓 名 郭 秀 慧 </p><p>　　學(xué) 號(hào) 030206218 </p><p>　　外文出處 World Scientific </p><p>　　worldscientificcom

3、 </p><p>　　附 件 1外文資料翻譯譯文2外文原文 </p><p><b>　　指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語(yǔ)</b></p><p>　　簽名 </p><p>　　年 月 日附件1外文資料翻譯譯文</p><p>　　運(yùn)用灰色關(guān)系分析選擇供營(yíng)商

4、的聯(lián)合方法</p><p>　　摘要本文使用一種灰色關(guān)系分析 GRA 聯(lián)合方法與向前供應(yīng)鏈模型 FSCM 分析階層過(guò)程 AHP 為評(píng)估和選擇供營(yíng)商開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)新的模型展示模型在實(shí)踐解決幫助也決定階層的結(jié)構(gòu)是否可能代表供營(yíng)商選擇決定是否包括影響供營(yíng)商選擇的所有關(guān)鍵GRA模型的有效印度南部的原始設(shè)備制造業(yè) OEM 產(chǎn)業(yè)說(shuō)明GRA的AHP得到的結(jié)果提出的模型幫助產(chǎn)業(yè)有效地選擇供營(yíng)商</p><p>

5、　　供營(yíng)商選擇 向前供應(yīng)鏈模型 FSCM 原始設(shè)備制造業(yè) OEM 灰色關(guān)系分析 GRA 分析階層過(guò)程 AHP </p><p>　　1 當(dāng)前產(chǎn)業(yè)傾向于僅集中他們的核心業(yè)務(wù)越來(lái)越外購(gòu)生產(chǎn)職能反過(guò)來(lái)這實(shí)踐創(chuàng)造了更大和更加復(fù)雜的供應(yīng)鏈這些鏈的成功管理是公司基石一</p><p>　　基本上產(chǎn)業(yè)組織有效作用被劃分例如銷計(jì)劃生產(chǎn)購(gòu)買財(cái)務(wù)等等供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)羌癁榻M織創(chuàng)造一個(gè)一般計(jì)劃的供應(yīng)鏈滿足服務(wù)策他們

6、的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境的最低可能費(fèi)用水平供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)遣块T網(wǎng)絡(luò)從原材料到最終產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品制造購(gòu)買在多數(shù)組織重購(gòu)買的零件組分40-60這意味著相對(duì)小成本降低用組織其他銷售區(qū)域?qū)A利的更選擇潛力供營(yíng)商選擇是使用共同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和供營(yíng)商的比較然而為審查潛在供營(yíng)商使用的根據(jù)顧客需要選擇的體目標(biāo)是認(rèn)高潛的供營(yíng)商選擇的供營(yíng)商顧客使用選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和正確的每個(gè)供營(yíng)商的能力一貫有效地的需要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和措施被所有被考慮供營(yíng)商反顧客的需要它的供應(yīng)和技術(shù)戰(zhàn)略它的需要轉(zhuǎn)換成有用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可能是不容易的因?yàn)?/p>

7、需要經(jīng)常被表達(dá)一般定性概念標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)該是可以定量地被評(píng)估的具體要求 </p><p>　　顧客選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)措施常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和下一個(gè)收集信息收集信息評(píng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的數(shù)量和類型洞察可利用的數(shù)據(jù)的種類然而收集信息沒(méi)有到位具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和措施可能 </p><p>　　購(gòu)買作用的角色和結(jié)構(gòu)演變買原材料組織和供營(yíng)商活動(dòng)包括選擇合格的供營(yíng)商估計(jì)供營(yíng)商的表現(xiàn)談判合同比較價(jià)格質(zhì)量和服務(wù)源頭物品和服務(wù)分期付款購(gòu)買售貨條的評(píng)估價(jià)值預(yù)的價(jià)

8、格服務(wù)和有時(shí)需求改變定物品被接受的形式等等 </p><p>　　供營(yíng)商選擇過(guò)程的宗旨為買家減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)總價(jià)值最大化考慮一系列戰(zhàn)略這些變供營(yíng)商的時(shí)間表國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際供營(yíng)商選擇供營(yíng)商的數(shù)量即一或多個(gè)產(chǎn)品種類選擇 </p><p>　　本文使用灰色關(guān)系分析 GRA 和向前供應(yīng)鏈模型 FSCM 分析階層過(guò)程 AHP 為位于印度南部生產(chǎn)橡膠產(chǎn)品的原始器材制造者 OEM 產(chǎn)業(yè)評(píng)估供營(yíng)商選擇提出一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)模型

9、本文組織如下第3部分問(wèn)題第4部分提出解答方法第5部分使用AHP和GRA提出的聯(lián)合方法6部分中討論模型 案件例證 的應(yīng)用第7部分和第8部分提出案件例證本文結(jié)論的結(jié)果比較</p><p><b>　　2回顧 </b></p><p>　　供營(yíng)商選擇決定復(fù)雜在決定過(guò)程中必須考慮各種各樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)60年代這標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和量供營(yíng)商表現(xiàn)分析許多科學(xué)家和購(gòu)買者許多和研究致力這個(gè)問(wèn)題這個(gè)部分簡(jiǎn)要

10、地供營(yíng)商選擇問(wèn)題結(jié)果現(xiàn)的 </p><p>　　早在1966年Dickson1評(píng)估供營(yíng)商23個(gè)不同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)他闡明質(zhì)量和交貨時(shí)間供營(yíng)商選擇最重要的工作指標(biāo)之中從那許多主要援引他的供營(yíng)商選擇問(wèn)題概念經(jīng)驗(yàn)和數(shù)學(xué) </p><p>　　在供營(yíng)商選擇的經(jīng)驗(yàn)Weber et al供應(yīng)商選擇最重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的全面根據(jù)他們的調(diào)查價(jià)格選擇過(guò)程中重要因素訂貨交貨的時(shí)間質(zhì)量因素Jiuh-Biing提出他的研究方法

11、刺激全球性相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究也許幫助關(guān)全球性操作的不確定性和復(fù)雜問(wèn)題 </p><p>　　Chan和Chung基因優(yōu)化解決供應(yīng)鏈管理分布式網(wǎng)絡(luò)問(wèn)題在工作他們以基因算法結(jié)合分析階層過(guò)程減少計(jì)算時(shí)間策制定的能力Vaidya和Kumar分析階層過(guò)程 AHP 應(yīng)用的并且提AHP作為一個(gè)多標(biāo)準(zhǔn)策制定工具的各種應(yīng)用 </p><p>　　Handeld et al在AHP幫助下在他們的供應(yīng)商評(píng)估決定集成

12、環(huán)境問(wèn)題Liu et al和Weber et al為一個(gè)多供營(yíng)商選擇問(wèn)題 VSP 提出了數(shù)據(jù)包封分析方法</p><p>　　Vanegas和Labib提顧客要求確定重量的方法使用模糊的線段的概念通過(guò)重量從AHP轉(zhuǎn)換成模糊的數(shù)字Maggie和Tummala電信系統(tǒng)選擇供營(yíng)商上述供營(yíng)商的選擇多數(shù)研究只考慮了三個(gè)主要因素 質(zhì)量服務(wù)和價(jià)格 和大約15個(gè)次級(jí)因素本文描述五個(gè)主要因素 質(zhì)量交付設(shè)計(jì)能力服務(wù)和價(jià)格 和供營(yíng)商選

13、擇21個(gè)次級(jí)因素 </p><p>　　3 問(wèn)題選擇的公司為它的橡膠制造業(yè)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈當(dāng)前公司面對(duì)關(guān)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量很多問(wèn)題在包括從產(chǎn)業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)界研究專家研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了質(zhì)量問(wèn)題由于從一供營(yíng)商購(gòu)買原材料質(zhì)量測(cè)試公司計(jì)劃從三個(gè)供選擇的供營(yíng)商挑選的最佳供營(yíng)商購(gòu)買原料改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量供營(yíng)商1供營(yíng)商2和供營(yíng)商3 現(xiàn)在問(wèn)題是哪些供營(yíng)商將被選擇和次是供營(yíng)商選擇過(guò)程中最和重要的選擇供營(yíng)商選擇可能的和次從產(chǎn)業(yè) 購(gòu)買采購(gòu)銷售產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和 到學(xué)術(shù)供

14、營(yíng)商選擇和次通過(guò)選擇直接不同功能區(qū)域表1選擇的最佳供營(yíng)商四個(gè)第1級(jí)代表最佳供營(yíng)商的選擇目標(biāo) 第2級(jí)代表質(zhì)量 Q 交付 D 或者技術(shù)能力 E 服務(wù) S 和價(jià)格 R 第3級(jí)代表21次級(jí)第4級(jí)代表供營(yíng)商的數(shù)量4 解方法 </p><p>　　這在選擇以后采取多標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定工具例如AHP和GRA解決供營(yíng)商選擇問(wèn)題第一個(gè)部分使用AHP方法因?yàn)樗ㄐ院投繕?biāo)準(zhǔn)解決當(dāng)前問(wèn)題方法GRA方法第二部分因?yàn)锳HP更快速和簡(jiǎn)下面AHP和G

15、RA方法概要41 AHP概要 </p><p>　　AHP12是一應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域復(fù)雜多標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問(wèn)題方法這個(gè)方法被考慮復(fù)雜和無(wú)特定結(jié)構(gòu)的決定的一種有效和實(shí)用方法研究AHP來(lái)處理影響供營(yíng)商選擇決定有形和無(wú)形的因素次級(jí)因素方法的選擇根據(jù)問(wèn)題和其他方法缺點(diǎn)決策者成對(duì)比較判斷每個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的重要性AHP的結(jié)果是每個(gè)決定選擇給予優(yōu)先的等或本文的研究集中于公式化AHP和基于GRA的聯(lián)合方法為橡膠制造工廠選擇一個(gè)最佳的供營(yíng)商 基本上AHP方法考

16、慮決策問(wèn)題有三步 比較評(píng)斷 并且優(yōu)先權(quán)綜合如下描述 AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR SELECTING A VENDOR USING GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS</p><p>　　This paper develops a new model for evaluating and selecting the vendor using an integrated ap

17、proach of Grey Relational Analysis GRA along with an Analytical Hierarchy Process AHP in a Forward Supply Chain Model FSCM The paper aims to demonstrate how the model can help in solving such decisions in practice

18、It also examines the structure of the decision hierarchy whether it can represent vendor selection decisions in reality and whether it covers all key factors affecting vendor selection c</p><p>　　Keywords Ve

19、ndor selection Forward Supply Chain Model FSCM Original Equipment Manufacturing OEM Grey Relational Analysis GRA Analytical Hierarchy Process AHP </p><p>　　1 Introduction</p><p>　　At pres

20、ent industries tend to focus only on their core business and resort more and more to outsourcing several of their production functions than in the recent past In turn this practice has created larger and more complex sup

21、ply chains The successful management of these chains is one of the cornerstones for companies to stay competitive</p><p>　　Basically industrial organizations have been divided in operative functions such as

22、marketing planning production purchasing finance etc Supply chain is a strategy that integrates these functions creating a general plan for the organization which satisfies the service policy maintaining the lowest possi

23、ble cost level due to the incredible competition environment that they are exposed to A supply chain is a network of departments which is involved in the manufacturing of a product from the procur</p><p>　　T

24、he objective of vendor selection is to identify vendors with the highest potential for meeting customers needs consistently and at an acceptable cost Selection is a broad comparison of vendors using a common set of crite

25、ria and measures However the level of detail used for examining potential vendors may vary depending on customers needs The overall goal of selection is to identify high potential vendors</p><p>　　To select

26、likely vendors the customer judges each vendors ability to meet consistently and cost-effectively its needs using selection criteria and right measures Criteria and measures are developed to be applicable to all the vend

27、ors being considered and to reflect the customers needs and its supply and technology strategy It may not be easy to convert its needs into useful criteria because needs are often expressed as general qualitative concept

28、s while criteria should be specific requirements t</p><p>　　The customer can set measures while it is developing selection criteria to ensure that the criteria will be practical to use Often developing crite

29、ria and measures overlaps with the next step gathering information Gathering information may offer insight into the number and type of criteria that will be required for the evaluation and the type of data that is availa

30、ble However gathering information without specific criteria and measures in place can lead to extraneous effort </p><p>　　There has been an evolution in the role and structure of the purchasing function thro

31、ugh the 90s Purchasing involves buying the raw materials vendors and components for the organization The activities associated with it include selecting and qualifying vendor rating vendor performance negotiating contrac

32、ts comparing price quality and service sourcing goods and service timing purchases selling terms of sale evaluating the value received predicting price service and sometimes demand changes specif</p><p>　　Th

33、e objective of the vendor selection process is to reduce risk and imize the total value for the buyer and it involves considering a series of strategic variables Among these variables is the time frame of the relationshi

34、p with vendors the choice between domestic and international vendors and the number of vendors that is choosing between single or multiple sourcing and the type of product </p><p>　　This paper presents a str

35、uctured model for evaluating the vendor selection for the original equipment manufacturers OEM industry producing rubber products located at the southern part of India using the Grey Relational Analysis GRA and Analy

36、tical Hierarchy Process AHP in a Forward Supply Chain Model FSCM This paper is organized as follows In Sec 2 a literature review is provided Section 3 describes the problem Section 4 presents the solution methodology

37、 Section 5 presents the proposed in</p><p>　　2 Literature Review </p><p>　　Vendor selection decisions are complicated by the fact that various criteria must be considered in decisions making pro

38、cess The analysis of such criteria and measuring the performances of vendors have been the focus of many scientists and purchasing practitioners since the 1960s Many papers and researches were dedicated to this problem T

39、his section briefly summarizes the literature of existing approaches and results obtained for the vendor selection problem </p><p>　　Early in 1966 Dickson1 reports 23 different criteria for vendors evaluatio

40、n Of these criteria he states that cost quality and delivery times are among the most important performance measures in the selection of vendors Since that time numerous papers have cited his work approaching the vendor

41、selection problem mainly from three perspectives conceptual empirical and mathematical </p><p>　　In the empirical area of the vendor selection Weber et al3 present a comprehensive review of the literature pr

42、oviding the most important criteria in the choice of suppliers According to their investigation they rank price as the most important factor in the selection process followed by lead-time and quality factors Jiuh-Biing p

43、roposed a methodology in his research that would stimulate research in the related fields of global logistics and may help address issues regarding the uncertainty and co</p><p>　　Chan and Chung5 develop a m

44、ulti-criterion genetic optimization for solving distribution network problems in supply chain management In this work they combine analytic hierarchy processes with genetic algorithms to capture the capability of multi-c

45、riterion decision-making which will reduce the computation time Vaidya and Kumar presents a literature review of the applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process AHP and also provided the various application area where t

46、he AHP is used as a multiple crit</p><p>　　Handeld et al in their work integrate environmental issues in their supplier assessment decisions with the help of AHP Liu et al and Weber et al presented a data en

47、velopment analysis method for a Vendor Selection Problem VSP with multiple objectives </p><p>　　Vanegas and Labib proposed a method to determine the weights for the customer requirements by converting the

48、weights from the AHP into fuzzy numbers using the concept of a fuzzy line segment Maggie and Tummala in their paper discussed about the vendor selection for the telecommunication systems and based on the proposed model t

49、he time taken to select the vendor has been reduced </p><p>　　The above literature reveals that for selection of vendors most previous researchers have considered only three main factors quality service and

50、 price and about 15 sub-factors This paper describes five main factors quality delivery engineering capability service and price and 21 sub-factors for the vendor selection </p><p>　　3 Problem Description

51、</p><p>　　The company chosen for this work plans to build a supply chain for its rubber manufacturing product At present the company is facing a lot of problems regarding the quality of products manufactured

52、 After the long study done by the research team comprising of experts from industry and academia it was found that the quality problems have risen because of the raw materials purchased from the single vendor without tes

53、ting the quality So the company has planned to improve the quality of the product b</p><p>　　Among the questions that arise is which vendors are to be selected The attributes and the sub-attributes have to b

54、e most prevalent and important in the vendor selection process Choosing the possible attributes and sub-attributes for the vendor selection involves a decision making team which includes experts from the industry side p

55、urchasing director purchasing manager sales manager product manager quality manager and production manager and the academic side The attributes and sub-attributes in</p><p>　　It comprises of four levels for

56、 selecting the best vendor Level 1 represents the goal ie selection of best vendor Level 2 represents the five attributes Quality Q Delivery D Engineeringtechnical capability E Service S and Price R Level 3 rep

57、resents 21 sub-attributes and Level 4 represents the number of vendors</p><p>　　4 Solution Methodology </p><p>　　In this work the multi criteria decision-making tools such as AHP and GRA are ado

58、pted to solve the vendor selection problem after selecting attributes and sub-attributes In the first part the AHP approach is used since it can combine both qualitative and quantitative criteria making it an appropriate

59、 approach for solving the current problem GRA approach is used in the second part because the calculations involved are faster and simpler than in AHP The overview of AHP and GRA approaches are discu</p><p>

60、　　41 Overview of AHP </p><p>　　The AHP12 is a decision making approach designed to aid in the solution of complex multiple criteria problems in a number of application domains This method has been found to b

61、e an effective and practical approach that can consider complex and unstructured decisions The AHP is proposed in this research in order to handle both tangible and intangible factors and sub-factors affecting vendor sel

62、ection decisions The selection of the methodology is based on the characteristics of the problem and the</p><p>　　com Establishment of a structural hierarchy </p><p>　　This step allows a complex

63、 decision to be structured into a hierarchy descending from an overall objective to various attributes sub-attributes and so on until the lowest level The objective or the overall goal of the decision is represented at t

64、he top level of the hierarchy The attributes and sub-attributes contributing to the decision are represented at the intermediate levels Finally the decision alternatives or selection choices are laid down at the last lev

65、el of the hierarchy According to S</p><p>　　Also the number of the levels in a hierarchy depends on the complexity of the problem being analyzed and the degree of detail of the problem that an analyst requir