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簡介：4750英文單詞，英文單詞，25萬英文字符，中文萬英文字符，中文7400字文獻出處文獻出處MüLLERHS,BOHNERE,VOGELM,ETALINNOVATIVESOLUTIONSFORTHECONSTRUCTIONANDTHEREPAIROFHYDRAULICSTRUCTURESJPROCEDIAENGINEERING,2013,542238INNOVATIVESOLUTIONSFORTHECONSTRUCTIONANDTHEREPAIROFHYDRAULICSTRUCTURESHARALDSMüLLER,EDGARBOHNER,MICHAELVOGEL,VLADISLAVKVITSEL,SOLICHINABSTRACTHYDRAULICSTRUCTURESUNDERLIEEXTRAORDINARYCONDITIONSDUETOTHEIRPROMINENTFUNCTIONANDEXPOSURETHUS,HIGHDEMANDSHAVETOBEMADEBOTHONCONSTRUCTIONANDMAINTENANCEORREPAIROFTHESTRUCTURES,RESPECTIVELYINORDERTOFULFILLTHESEDEMANDSNEWANDSPECIALTECHNOLOGIESHAVETOBEDEVELOPEDTHATENSUREANEFFECTIVECONSTRUCTIONANDGUARANTEETOMEETTHEPLANNEDSERVICELIFEOFTHEBUILDINGREQUIREDBYTHEOWNERAGAINSTTHISBACKGROUNDTWOINNOVATIVEMETHODSFORBOTHCONSTRUCTIONANDREPAIROFHYDRAULICCONCRETESTRUCTURESAREPRESENTEDINTHEPRESENTPAPERTHEMETHODSAREBASEDONMODERNCONCRETETECHNOLOGYANDENABLETOEITHERBUILDCONCRETEDAMSINFLOWINGWATERORPERFORMCONCRETEREPAIRBELOWTHEWATERLEVELBOTHMETHODSWEREDEVELOPEDATTHEINSTITUTEOFCONCRETESTRUCTURESANDBUILDINGMATERIALSATTHEKARLSRUHEINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYKIT,GERMANYANDWEREAPPLIEDINPRACTICEFORCONSTRUCTIONOFTHEBRIBINUNDERGROUNDHYDROPOWERPLANTININDONESIAANDFORREPAIROFTHERIVERHYDROPOWERPLANTOFALBBRUCKDOGERNINGERMANYKEYWORDSHYDRAULICSTRUCTURE,CONCRETE,CONCRETETECHNOLOGY,DURABILITY,MAINTENANCE,REPAIRCONCRETE,REPAIRTECHNOLOGY,MONITORING1PARTI–CONSTRUCTIONOFCOFFERDAMSINFLOWINGWATER11PRELIMINARYREMARKWITHINTHESCOPEOFAGERMANINDONESIANJOINTPROJECT,FUNDEDBYTHEGERMANFEDERALMINISTRYOFEDUCATIONANDRESEARCHBMBF,AHYDROPOWERPLANTWITHANUNDERGROUNDCONCRETEBARRAGEWASINITIATED,PLANNEDANDBUILTDURINGTHEYEARS2002TO2006INTHEBRIBINCAVENEARTHECITYOFWONOSARI,INDONESIADURINGTHEDRYSEASON,ITPROVIDESANURGENTLYREQUIREDWATERSUPPLYFORTHEKARSTREGIONGUNUNGSEWUINCENTRALJAVAMüLLERETAL2008NESTMANNETAL2008INTHEMEANTIMETHEPILOTPLANTHASBEENSUCCESSFULLYTESTEDANDOPERATEDANDWASCOMMISSIONEDTOTHEINDONESIANGOVERNMENTINMARCH2010NESTMANNETAL2011ITWASTHEGENERALTASKOFTHEINSTITUTEOFCONCRETESTRUCTURESANDBUILDINGMATERIALSATTHEKARLSRUHEINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYKITTODEVELOPANDPROVIDETHEPRINCIPLESTOCONSTRUCTTHECONCRETEBARRAGEBASEDONLOCALLYAVAILABLEBUILDINGMATERIALSANDTECHNOLOGIESDUETOTHEEXTRAORDINARYCONDITIONSOFTHEUNDERGROUNDCONSTRUCTIONSITEWITHAYEARROUNDAQUIFEROUSRIVER,POORACCESSIBILITYANDLITTLEWORKINGSPACE,THETECHNOLOGICALOPTIONSWEREFURTHERMORERESTRICTEDDUETOTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFEXCEPTIONALTECHNOLOGICALSOLUTIONS,THEBARRAGECOULDBEFINISHEDDESPITEEARTHQUAKEANDFLOODEVENTSANDHASPROVEDITSSERVICEABILITYDURINGOPERATIONWITHINTHELASTYEARSBOHNERETAL2009BREINERETAL2011ONETECHNOLOGICALSOLUTION,WHICHWILLBESUBSEQUENTLYPRESENTEDINDETAIL,WASREQUIREDFIGURE1SKETCHOFTHESTRUCTUREOFTHEHYDROPOWERPLANTLONGITUDINALSECTION,WITHOUTHYDRAULICCOMPONENTSWITHTHEFUNCTIONALELEMENTSCOFFERDAM,FLOODRELIEFLINE,BARRAGEANDPLATFORMWITHVALVECHAMBERINTHISPROCEDUREABULKOFROUGH,CRUSHEDROCKMATERIALMAXIMUMAGGREGATESIZE150MMISPLACEDONTHERIVERBEDAFTERITHASBEENCLEAREDFROMGRAVELANDLOOSEROCKSANDCLEANEDFROMSEDIMENTBYWATERJETTINGTHESOCALLEDPREPACKEDASSEMBLYLEADSTOASIGNIFICANTLYREDUCEDFLOWVELOCITYOFTHERIVERWATERINTHEHOLLOWSPACESINTHERESULTINGGRAINSTRUCTURETHEAIMOFTHEAPPROACHISTOREDUCETHEFLOWVELOCITYOFTHEWATERSOMUCHTHATMORTARCANBEFILLEDBETWEENTHEPREPACKEDROCKMATERIALWITHOUTBEINGWASHEDOUTBEFOREHARDENINGTHEFLOWVELOCITYCANBEEVENMOREDECREASEDIFAGEOTEXTILEEGJUTEISAPPLIEDONTHESHOULDERSOFTHEDAM,WHICHISINADDITIONLOADEDWITHSANDBAGSORWITHABULKOFSMALLGRAINEDGRAVELSEEFIGURE2AFTERWARDSAFLOWABLE,HARDLYSEGREGATINGANDEROSIONRESISTANTCEMENTMORTARISFILLEDINBETWEENTHELOOSEROCKMATERIALTHROUGHTUBESWHICHAREINSTALLEDVERTICALLYINTOTHEBULKBEFOREHANDTHEMORTARDISPLACESTHEWATERINTHEHOLLOWSPACESINTHEGRAINSTRUCTUREANDSUBSEQUENTLYHARDENSTOCOMPLETETHEDESIREDCOFFERDAMSSEEFIGURE2FIGURE2SCHEMATICDRAWINGOFACOFFERDAMCONSTRUCTEDINFLOWINGWATERWITHPREPACKEDCONCRETEDURINGCONSTRUCTIONOFTHECOFFERDAMSTHERIVERWATERISINITIALLYFLOWINGTHROUGHPARTSOFTHEPREPACKEDROCKDAMBEINGNOTYETFILLEDWITHMORTARWHENPROGRESSINGTHEFILLINGOFMORTARTHEWATERISINCREASINGLYDIRECTEDTHROUGHTHEFLOODRELIEFLINESWHICHAREDESIGNEDTODRAINTHEENTIREDISCHARGEDURINGTHECONSTRUCTIONPROCESS,ANDWHICHHADBEENPLACEDBEFORETHECOFFERDAMCONSTRUCTIONWASSTARTED14MIXDESIGNOFCEMENTMORTARTHEMIXDESIGNOFTHECEMENTMORTARHASTOBESPECIALLYADJUSTEDTOEXCLUDEFLUSHINGANDSEGREGATIONOFTHEMORTARASWELLASANOTEWORTHYINCREASEOFTHEWATER/CEMENTRATIOWHICHASACONSEQUENCEWOULDLEADTOAPOORSTRENGTHOFTHECOFFERDAMSTRUCTUREBYMEANSOFCOMPREHENSIVEPRELIMINARYTESTSASUITABLEMIXDESIGNWASDEVELOPEDSEETABLE1BESIDESORDINARYPORTLANDCEMENTCEMI325RITINCLUDESSANDWITHAMAXIMUMAGGREGATESIZEOF2MM,WATERANDCAREFULLYADJUSTEDAMOUNTSOFUNDERWATERCOMPOUNDANDSUPERPLASTICIZERBASEDONPOLYCARBOXYLATETHER

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簡介：2200英文單詞，英文單詞，23萬英文字符，中文萬英文字符，中文3700字BUTKOVI?LL,BO?KOVI?D,KATAVI?MINTERNATIONALMARKETINGSTRATEGIESFORCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESJPROCEDIASOCIALANDBEHAVIORALSCIENCES,2014,119503509INTERNATIONALMARKETINGSTRATEGIESFORCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESLANALOVRENCISBUTKOVIS,DRA?ENBO?KOVIS,MARIZAKATAVISABSTRACTTHERAPIDTRENDOFGLOBALIZATIONANDTECHNOLOGICALCHANGESHAVEMADEDIFFICULTFORCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONTOSURVIVEINTHECOMPETITIVEWORLDPARTICULARLY,THEACTUALGLOBALECONOMYCRISESHAVETHEVERYSTRONGIMPACTONACONSTRUCTIONSECTOR,ESPECIALLYINDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESSUCHASCROATIAAPERFORMANCEOFCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESATTHEINTERNATIONALMARKETSAREVERYLOWANDREPRESENTASERIOUSPROBLEMFORTHEENTIRECROATIANECONOMYSOTHEIMPORTANCEOFINTERNATIONALMARKETINGOPERATIONSINCREASINGRAPIDLYINTERNATIONALMARKETINGSTRATEGIESARENOTTHESAMEASTHEDOMESTICSTRATEGIES,BUTIFCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESDEVELOPANDESTABLISHAGOODINTERNATIONALMARKETINGSTRATEGY,THEIRSUCCESSATTHEINTERNATIONALMARKETSCOULDBEMUCHBETTERTHISPAPERELABORATESMODESOFINTERNATIONALSTRATEGIESANDWILLTRYTOFINDOUTWHICHOFTHEMARESPECIFICFORCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESKEYWORDSCROATIANCONSTRUCTION,INTERNATIONALMARKETING,MARKETINGSTRATEGIES1INTRODUCTIONAMOMENTCOMESINTHEWORKOFEVERYCOMPANYWHENITBEGINSTOEXAMINETHEPOSSIBILITYOFCONQUERINGNEWMARKETSMOTIVESFORTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFBUSINESSOPERATIONSCANDIFFERACCORDINGTOKOTLER1999,THEYINCLUDETHEPOSSIBILITYOFINCREASINGSALES,GREATERRESOURCEACCESSIBILITY,SECURINGSEVERALMARKETSFORPRODUCTSSALEANDRESOURCEACQUISITIONUNDERNORMALCONDITIONSOFTHEEQUALRIGHTSANDEQUALITYOFALLCOUNTRIES,INTERNATIONALISATIONISAUSEFULWAYOFACHIEVINGGREATERCLOSENESSANDCOOPERATIONAMONGPEOPLESANDSTATESITFACILITATESTRAFFICANDCOMMUNICATIONS,SPEEDSUPGENERALDEVELOPMENTANDGIVESANIMPORTANTIMPULSETOWORLDGLOBALISATIONANDINTEGRATIONECONOMICLEXICON,1995INTERNATIONALISATIONSIMPLYMEANSSPREADINGECONOMICACTIVITIESOUTSIDETHEBOUNDARIESOFTHEHOMEECONOMY,WHICHGIVESRISETOQUANTITATIVECHANGESWHICH,INTURN,LEADTOAMOREEXTENSIVEGEOGRAPHICALORGANISATIONOFECONOMICACTIVITIESRESEARCHINTOTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESISBECOMINGINCREASINGLYIMPORTANT,BOTHINTHEACADEMICCOMMUNITYANDINCONSTRUCTIONPRACTICEEXISTINGRESEARCHRESULTSSHOWAVARIETYOFPROBLEMSFACINGCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESINTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFTHEIROPERATIONS,ANDPOTENTIALSTRATEGIESHAVEBEENDESIGNEDFORCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESENTERINGINTERNATIONALMARKETSDAVIDCROSTHWAITEFOCUSEDONTHEPROCESSOFCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANYINTERNATIONALISATION,ESPECIALLYINGREATBRITAININHISPAPERCROSTHWAITE1998SHOWEDTHERESULTSOFEMPIRICALRESEARCHINTOTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFBRITISHCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESBETWEEN1990AND1996,WITHEMPHASISONTHEGEOGRAPHICALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHESECOMPANIES’FOREIGNBUSINESSACTIVITIESHESHOWEDTHATMOSTCOMPANIESPREFERREDTOSEEKOPPORTUNITIESONDEVELOPEDMARKETSASOPPOSEDTODEVELOPINGMARKETSBECAUSEOFTHESECUREENVIRONMENTANDLOWLEVELOFCORRUPTIONONMATUREMARKETSIN1996OFORIDEVELOPEDACONCEPTUALMODELPROPOSINGHOWINTERNATIONALANDLOCALCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIES,TOGETHERWITHTHESTATEADMINISTRATION,MAYACHIEVECOMMONBENEFITSINVARIOUSSTAGESOFTHEDEVELOPMENTOFCONSTRUCTIONACTIVITIESINPARTICULARCOUNTRIESFURTHERMORE,RANKOANDCROSTHWAITE2001SHOWEDTHATTHEMOSTATTRACTIVECONSTRUCTIONFIG1FIVEWAYSOFENTERINGFOREIGNMARKETSCONSTRUCTIONISGENERALLYKNOWNASANACTIVITYWITHMANYSPECIFICFEATURESWHICHDIFFERSFROMOTHERINDUSTRIES,WHEREASMOSTRESEARCHTODATEANDKNOWLEDGEABOUTFOREIGNMARKETENTRYSTRATEGIESREFERTOPRODUCTIONCOMPANIESONLYASMALLNUMBEROFRESEARCHERSHAVETOUCHEDONTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESFOREXAMPLE,LOWANDJIANG2003FOCUSEDONTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFCHINESECONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESTHEYPROPOSEDASTRUCTURALINDEXOF5FACTORSIDENTIFYING“TRULYGLOBAL”COMPANIES1RATIOOFFOREIGNANDTOTALINCOME,2DEGREEOFINTERNATIONALDISTRIBUTION,3FOREIGNMANAGERIALSTRUCTURE,4PARTICIPATIONINSPECIALISEDFIELDSAND5GENERALINTERNATIONALISATIONINDEXGUNHAN2005DEVELOPEDAFOREIGNMARKETENTRYDECISIONMODELFORCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIES,WHICHCANALSOBEUSEDFOROTHERINDUSTRIESTHEMODELCONSISTSOFTWOSTEPSINTHEFIRSTSTEPTHECOMPANY,ONTHEGROUNDSOFASWOTANALYSIS,MAKESTHEDECISIONABOUTWHETHERITISREADYTOENTERFOREIGNMARKETS,ANDIFITFINDSTHATITIS,ITCOMPARESTHEGAINSANDLOSSESIFTHEGAINSEXCEEDTHEPOTENTIALLOSSES,THECOMPANYCHOOSESABUSINESSSTRATEGYFORENTERINGFOREIGNMARKETSCULLEN2002PROPOSEDADECISIONMAKINGMATRIXTHATTAKESINTOACCOUNTALLTHEAVAILABLEFOREIGNMARKETENTRYSTRATEGIESCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESRESPONDTOTODAY’SEXTREMELYCOMPETITIVEENVIRONMENTANDINCREASINGLYSOPHISTICATEDDEMANDSINCONSTRUCTIONBYUSINGSTRATEGIESSUCHASACQUISITIONS,MERGERS,JOINTVENTURES,LICENSESANDPRODUCT/SERVICEDEVELOPMENTGUNHAN,2005PRESENCEONFOREIGNMARKETSCANBEESTABLISHEDBYFOUNDINGBRANCHESORMERGINGWITHDOMESTICCOMPANIESLOW,1996ACCORDINGTOGUNHAN2005,CONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESFINDTHREEKINDSOFSTRATEGIESTHEMOSTSUITABLEFORENTERINGFOREIGNMARKETSTURNKEYCONTRACT,JOINTVENTUREANDOWNDAUGHTERCOMPANYHOWEVER,ITWASCHEN2005WHOFOCUSEDMOSTONTHECHOICEOFSTRATEGYFORENTERINGINTERNATIONALCONSTRUCTIONMARKETSONTHEGROUNDSOFACASESTUDYOF94CONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESONTHEINTERNATIONALCONSTRUCTIONMARKET,HEDIVIDEDSTRATEGIESINTWOBASICGROUPSPERMANENTANDTEMPORARY,ANDWITHINTHESETWOGROUPSHECLASSEDSEVENSTRATEGIESCHARACTERISTICOFCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESTHESEAREJOINTVENTUREPROJECT,SOLOVENTUREPROJECTANDBOTBUILDOPERATETRANSFERASTEMPORARYSTRATEGIES,ANDREPRESENTATIVEOFFICE,BRANCHOFFICE,JOINTVENTURECOMPANYANDSOLOVENTURECOMPANYASPERMANENTSTRATEGIESTABLE1BUSINESSSTRATEGIESFORENTERINGINTERNATIONALCONSTRUCTIONMARKETSJOINTVENTUREPROJECTJOINTINVESTMENTONAPROJECTBASIS,ALSOCALLEDCONTRACTUALJOINTVENTUREPROFITANDOTHEROBLIGATIONSAREDETERMINEDBYCONTRACTFOREACHPARTYANDLASTONLYFORTHEDURATIONOFTHEPROJECTSOLOVENTUREPROJECTOWNINVESTMENTONAPROJECTBASIS,THECOMPANYINDEPENDENTLYSUBMITSATENDERORINDEPENDENTLYUNDERTAKESTHEPROJECTINAFOREIGNCOUNTRYTEMPORARYSTRATEGIESBOTBUILDBOTISASYSTEMOFFINANCINGTHECONSTRUCTIONOFINFRASTRUCTUREFACILITIES

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簡介：ANINVESTIGATIONOFTHEIMPACTOFBUILDINGORIENTATIONONENERGYCONSUMPTIONINADOMESTICBUILDINGUSINGEMERGINGBIMBUILDINGINFORMATIONMODELLINGFHABANDA,LBYERSSCHOOLOFTHEBUILTENVIRONMENT,FACULTYOFTECHNOLOGY,DESIGNANDENVIRONMENT,OXFORDBROOKESUNIVERSITY,OXFORD,OX30BP,UKARTICLEINFOARTICLEHISTORYRECEIVED11JULY2015RECEIVEDINREVISEDFORM14DECEMBER2015ACCEPTED30DECEMBER2015AVAILABLEONLINE2FEBRUARY2016KEYWORDSBIMBUILDINGINFORMATIONMODELLINGBUILDINGORIENTATIONENERGYGREENBUILDINGSTUDIOSMALLSCALECONSTRUCTIONSUSTAINABILITYABSTRACTBIMBUILDINGINFORMATIONMODELLINGHASDEVELOPEDINTOAPOWERFULSOLUTIONTHATCANIMPROVEMANYASPECTSOFCONSTRUCTIONINDUSTRYCURRENTRESEARCHREGARDINGTHEIMPACTOFORIENTATIONONABUILDINGSENERGYNEEDSSELDOMTAPINTOTHEPOTENTIALOFBIMTHISSTUDYINVESTIGATESTHEIMPACTOFORIENTATIONONENERGYCONSUMPTIONINSMALLSCALECONSTRUCTION,ANDASSESSESHOWBIMCANBEUSEDTOFACILITATETHISPROCESSTHEMETHODSADOPTEDARETHREEFOLDFIRSTLY,AREALLIFEBUILDINGISMODELLEDUSINGREVIT,ONEOFTHELEADINGBIMTOOLSSECONDLY,THROUGHGREENBUILDINGEXTENSIBLEMARKUPLANGUAGE,THEMODELISEXPORTEDTOGREENBUILDINGSTUDIO,ONEOFTHELEADINGENERGYSIMULATIONSOFTWARETHIRDLY,INTHEGREENBUILDINGSTUDIO,DIFFERENTBUILDINGORIENTATIONSAREADOPTEDANDTHEIRIMPACTSOFTHEWHOLEBUILDINGENERGYAREINVESTIGATEDBASEDONTHEANALYSISOFTHEENERGYCONSUMPTIONCORRESPONDINGTOTHEDIFFERENTORIENTATIONS,ITEMERGEDTHATAWELLORIENTATEDBUILDINGCANSAVEACONSIDERABLEAMOUNTOFENERGYTHROUGHOUTITSLIFECYCLESPECIFICALLY,ATOTALELECTRICITYUSEDIFFERENCEOF17056KWHANDATOTALGASUSEDIFFERENCEOF27988MJLEADINGTOACOMBINEDENERGYCOSTSAVINGSOF￡878THROUGHOUTA30YEARPERIODBETWEENTHEBESTT180?ANDWORSTT45?ORIENTATIONSOFTHEBUILDINGWASACHIEVED?2016ELSEVIERLTDALLRIGHTSRESERVED1BACKGROUNDACCORDINGTOTHERECENTTHEIPCCINTERGOVERNMENTALPANELONCLIMATECHANGEAR5FIFTHASSESSMENTREPORT,GLOBALLYBUILDINGSWERERESPONSIBLEFORABOUT32OFENERGYCONSUMPTIONANDEMISSIONOF19OFENERGYRELATEDGREENHOUSEGASESIN2010THESESHARESIMPACTNEGATIVELYONTHEENVIRONMENTANDCOMMUNITIESTHROUGHGLOBALWARMINGWITHGROWINGTHREATSOFGLOBALWARMING,ITISNOTASURPRISETHATTHECONSTRUCTIONINDUSTRYISNOWBEGINNINGTOADDRESSTHENEEDFORENERGYEFFICIENTBUILDINGS17THEREARESEVERALFACTORSTHATCANINFLUENCETHEENERGYNEEDSOFABUILDING,MANYOFWHICHCANBEMANAGEDTOIMPROVEBUILDINGENERGYEFFICIENCYACCORDINGTOTHEINTERNATIONALENERGYAGENCY30THEENERGYPERFORMANCEOFTHEBUILDINGENVELOPEANDITSCOMPONENTSEXTERNALWALLS,ROOFS,WINDOWSETCCANBECRITICALINDETERMININGHOWMUCHENERGYISREQUIREDINTERNALLYSTUDIESHAVESUGGESTEDTHATLOWERENERGYCONSUMPTIONCANBEDUETOIMPROVEDINSULATIONANDMOREEFFICIENTBUILDINGELEMENTS18,59OCCUPANTSBEHAVIOURISSUGGESTEDTOIMPACTTHELEVELOFENERGYREQUIREDFORSPACEHEATINGINDWELLINGS3,37FOREXAMPLE,THEUSEOFHEATINGSYSTEMS,SPACEANDAPPLIANCESWILLDIFFERSIGNIFICANTLYBETWEENOCCUPANTSWITHDISSIMILARBEHAVIOUR53THESHAPEANDSIZEOFABUILDINGCANHAVEANIMPACTONENERGYCONSUMPTION5,20,24,25CATALINAETAL20SUGGESTEDTHATINORDERTOMINIMISEHEATLOSS,ACOMPACTSHAPEEGACUBEISREQUIREDTHEABILITYTHATABUILDINGHASTOUSESOLARRADIATIONFORHEATINGANDLIGHTINGMAYINFLUENCEENERGYEFFICIENCY,WHICHISOFTENDETERMINEDBYBUILDINGORIENTATIONASSUGGESTEDBYWONGANDFAN63ITISVITALTOCORRECTLYORIENTABUILDINGSOTHATITCANRECEIVEALARGESOLARCONTRIBUTIONTHEUSEOFHEATINGANDLIGHTINGSYSTEMSARETWOMAJORFACTORSTHATINFLUENCEENERGYCONSUMPTIONINBUILDINGS40,BOTHOFWHICHRELATETOBUILDINGORIENTATIONINORDERTOMAXIMISESOLARGAINWHICHISIMPORTANTDURINGCOLDERSEASONS,ITISVITALTOCORRECTLYORIENTABUILDINGSOTHATITCANRECEIVEALARGESOLARCONTRIBUTION19,63AMONGTHEPARAMETERSTHATHAVEANIMPACTONPASSIVESOLARGAIN,MORRISSEYETAL42IDENTIFIESORIENTATIONASONEOFTHEMOSTIMPORTANTPACHECOETAL49CLAIMSTHATBUILDINGORIENTATIONISONEOFTHEGREATESTREPERCUSSIONSONTHEENERGYDEMANDOFABUILDINGFURTHERMORE,AKSOYANDINALLI10SUGGESTTHATTHECORRESPONDINGAUTHOREMAILADDRESSFABANDABROOKESACUKFHABANDACONTENTSLISTSAVAILABLEATSCIENCEDIRECTENERGYJOURNALHOMEPAGEWWWELSEVIERCOM/LOCATE/ENERGYHTTP//DXDOIORG/101016/JENERGY20151213503605442/?2016ELSEVIERLTDALLRIGHTSRESERVEDENERGY972016517E5272ANDNBSNATIONALBUILDINGSPECIFICATION44E46THEMOSTRECENTEXTENSIVEREVIEWCOVERED122BIMSOFTWARESYSTEMSINABANDAETAL1THISEFFORTWILLNOTBEDUPLICATEDHEREHOWEVER,GIVENTHATTHEMULTIPLICITYOFTHESEBIMSYSTEMS,MAKINGDECISIONSABOUTTHEIRUSESISDIFFICULTTHECRITERIAFORTHECHOICEOFTHEDIFFERENTBIMSOFTWAREPACKAGESWILLBEEXAMINEDINSECTION65ENERGYSIMULATIONSOFTWARESYSTEMSANDBIMMANYSOFTWAREVENDORS/MANUFACTURERSHAVECREATEDENERGYSIMULATIONSYSTEMSTHATCANBEUSEDTOASSESSTHEEFFICIENCYOFABUILDINGVIRTUALLYSIMILARTOTHEMULTIPLICITYOFBIMAUTHORINGTOOLS,THEMARKETHASBEENOVERFLOODEDWITHMANYENERGYSIMULATIONTOOLSMAKINGDECISIONSABOUTTHEIRUSESISCHALLENGINGASANILLUSTRATION,THEUSDEPARTMENTOFENERGYWEBSITEPROVIDESINFORMATIONON417BUILDINGSOFTWARETOOLSFOREVALUATINGENERGYEFFICIENCY,RENEWABLEENERGY,ANDSUSTAINABILITYINBUILDINGS61SOMEOFTHESOFTWARECANBEUSEDINDEPENDENTLYFROMTHEBIMSOFTWAREWHILEOTHERSCANBEINTEGRATEDINTOBIMBEFOREPERFORMINGENERGYANALYSISTHEREARESOMEFACTORSTHATNEEDTOBECONSIDEREDBEFOREDECIDINGABOUTWHICHTYPEOFENERGYSIMULATIONSOFTWARETOUSEBUTBEFOREEXAMININGTHEFACTORS,ITISIMPORTANTTOSITUATETHECONTEXTOFBIMINBUILDINGENERGYSIMULATIONBIMHASTHECAPABILITIESTOASSISTITSUSERINACHIEVINGAMOREEN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簡介：PROCEDIASOCIALANDBEHAVIORALSCIENCES1192014503–50918770428?2014THEAUTHORSPUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERLTDOPENACCESSUNDERCCBYNCNDLICENSESELECTIONANDPEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFTHEIPMADOI101016/JSBSPRO201403056SCIENCEDIRECT27THIPMAWORLDCONGRESSINTERNATIONALMARKETINGSTRATEGIESFORCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESLANALOVREN?I?BUTKOVI?A,DRA?ENBO?KOVI?B,MARIZAKATAVI?AAUNIVERSITYOFZAGREB,FACULTYOFCIVILENGINEERING,KA?I?EVA26,10000ZAGREB,CROATIABUNIVERSITYOFRIJEKA,FACULTYOFCIVILENGINEERING,RMATEJ?I?3,51000RIJEKA,CROATIAABSTRACTTHERAPIDTRENDOFGLOBALIZATIONANDTECHNOLOGICALCHANGESHAVEMADEDIFFICULTFORCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONTOSURVIVEINTHECOMPETITIVEWORLDPARTICULARLY,THEACTUALGLOBALECONOMYCRISESHAVETHEVERYSTRONGIMPACTONACONSTRUCTIONSECTOR,ESPECIALLYINDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESSUCHASCROATIAAPERFORMANCEOFCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESATTHEINTERNATIONALMARKETSAREVERYLOWANDREPRESENTASERIOUSPROBLEMFORTHEENTIRECROATIANECONOMYSOTHEIMPORTANCEOFINTERNATIONALMARKETINGOPERATIONSINCREASINGRAPIDLYINTERNATIONALMARKETINGSTRATEGIESARENOTTHESAMEASTHEDOMESTICSTRATEGIES,BUTIFCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESDEVELOPANDESTABLISHAGOODINTERNATIONALMARKETINGSTRATEGY,THEIRSUCCESSATTHEINTERNATIONALMARKETSCOULDBEMUCHBETTERTHISPAPERELABORATESMODESOFINTERNATIONALSTRATEGIESANDWILLTRYTOFINDOUTWHICHOFTHEMARESPECIFICFORCROATIANCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIES?2014THEAUTHORSPUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERLTDSELECTIONANDPEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFTHEIPMAKEYWORDSCROATIANCONSTRUCTION,INTERNATIONALMARKETING,MARKETINGSTRATEGIES1INTRODUCTIONAMOMENTCOMESINTHEWORKOFEVERYCOMPANYWHENITBEGINSTOEXAMINETHEPOSSIBILITYOFCONQUERINGNEWMARKETSMOTIVESFORTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFBUSINESSOPERATIONSCANDIFFERACCORDINGTOKOTLER1999,THEYINCLUDETHEPOSSIBILITYOFINCREASINGSALES,GREATERRESOURCEACCESSIBILITY,SECURINGSEVERALMARKETSFORPRODUCTSSALEANDRESOURCEACQUISITIONCORRESPONDINGAUTHORTEL38514639200FAX38514639200EMAILADDRESSLLOVRENCICGRADHRAVAILABLEONLINEATWWWSCIENCEDIRECTCOM?2014THEAUTHORSPUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERLTDOPENACCESSUNDERCCBYNCNDLICENSESELECTIONANDPEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFTHEIPMA505LANALOVREN?I?BUTKOVI?ETAL/PROCEDIASOCIALANDBEHAVIORALSCIENCES1192014503–509MANAGEMENTENABLESACOMPANYTOSUCCESSFULLYCOMPETEONINTERNATIONALMARKETSANDISTHEMOSTCOMPREHENSIVEFRAMEWORKFORACHIEVINGTHEBASICCOMPANYAIMSGRIFFINANDPUSTAY,2007THECOMPANYMANAGEMENTCHOOSESTHESTRATEGYFORENTERINGTHEINTERNATIONALMARKET,ANDTHISDEPENDSONTHECOMPANYPRODUCT,THETECHNOLOGYATITSDISPOSAL,PERSONNELQUALIFICATIONS,THEMANAGEMENTITSELFANDOTHERRESOURCESROOT,1987THISCHOICEOFSTRATEGYISCONSIDEREDTHEMOSTCRITICALDECISIONOFINTERNATIONALMARKETINGBECAUSEITDETERMINESHOWTHECOMPANYWILLPOSITIONITSELFONTHEINTERNATIONALMARKETTERPSTRA,1987THECOMPANYMOVESFORWARDINTOCONQUERINGFOREIGNMARKETSBYDEFININGANDIMPLEMENTINGONEOFTHEPOSSIBLESTRATEGIESATITSDISPOSALAFTERMAKINGTHEDECISIONTOENTERAFOREIGNMARKET,THECOMPANYMAYCHOOSEBETWEENEXPORTDIRECTORINDIRECT,CONTRACTUALMETHODSSUCHASLICENSINGORFRANCHISE,DIRECTFOREIGNINVESTMENTJOINTVENTUREORFOUNDINGADAUGHTERCOMPANYERRAMILLIANDRAO,1990ORSOMETHINGELSEPREVI?I?ANDDO?EN1999PROPOSEDTHREEBASICGROUPSOFSTRATEGIESFORENTERINGFOREIGNMARKETSSIMPLEORCLASSICALEXPORTANDIMPORT,MEDIUMCOMPLEXSTRATEGIESOFINTERNATIONALBUSINESSCOOPERATIONLICENCES,ASSEMBLING,COOPERATION,CONTRACTUALPRODUCTION,FRANCHISINGETCANDCOMPLEXSTRATEGIESJOINTOROWNCOMPANIESABROADKOTLER1999DESCRIBESHOWEVERYSTRATEGYFORENTERINGAPARTICULARMARKETALSOINCLUDESDIFFERENTOBLIGATIONS,RISKS,CONTROLSANDPROFITOPPORTUNITIESFIGURE1FIG1FIVEWAYSOFENTERINGFOREIGNMARKETS?CONSTRUCTIONISGENERALLYKNOWNASANACTIVITYWITHMANYSPECIFICFEATURESWHICHDIFFERSFROMOTHERINDUSTRIES,WHEREASMOSTRESEARCHTODATEANDKNOWLEDGEABOUTFOREIGNMARKETENTRYSTRATEGIESREFERTOPRODUCTIONCOMPANIESONLYASMALLNUMBEROFRESEARCHERSHAVETOUCHEDONTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESFOREXAMPLE,LOWANDJIANG2003FOCUSEDONTHEINTERNATIONALISATIONOFCHINESECONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESTHEYPROPOSEDASTRUCTURALINDEXOF5FACTORSIDENTIFYING“TRULYGLOBAL”COMPANIES1RATIOOFFOREIGNANDTOTALINCOME,?SOURCEKOTLER,P1999“UPRAVLJANJEMARKETINGOMANALIZA,PLANIRANJE,PRIMJENAIKONTROLA”MARKETINGMANAGEMENTANALYSIS,PLANNING,APPLICATIONANDCONTROL,INFORMATOR,ZAGREB,P522INDIRECTEXPORTDIRECTEXPORTGRANTINGALICENCEJOINTINVESTMENTDIRECTINVESTMENTSCOPEOFDELIVERYOBLIGATIONS,RISK,CONTROLANDPROFITPROSPECTS

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