簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題ACOMPARATIVESTUDYOFWEBAPPLICATIONDESIGNMODELSUSINGTHEJAVATECHNOLOGIES外文作者BUDIKURNIAWANANDJINGLINGXUE澳大利亞籍文獻(xiàn)出處ADVANCEDWEBTECHNOLOGIESANDAPPLICATIONS,2018,PP711721如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文4443單詞，28543字符字符就是印刷符，中文6982漢字。（如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。）ACOMPARATIVESTUDYOFWEBAPPLICATIONDESIGNMODELSUSINGTHEJAVATECHNOLOGIESABSTRACTTHESERVLETTECHNOLOGYHASBEENTHEMOSTWIDELYUSEDTECHNOLOGYFORBUILDINGSCALABLEWEBAPPLICATIONSINTHEEVENTS,THEREAREFOURDESIGNMODELSFORDEVELOPINGWEBAPPLICATIONSUSINGTHEJAVATECHNOLOGIESMODEL1,MODEL2,STRUTS,ANDJAVASERVERFACESJSFMODEL1EMPLOYSASERIESOFJSPPAGESMODEL2ADOPTSTHEMODELVIEWCONTROLLERPATTERNSTRUTSISAFRAMEWORKEMPLOYINGTHEMODEL2DESIGNMODELANDJSFISANEWTECHNOLOGYTHATSUPPORTSREADYTOUSECOMPONENTSFORRAPIDWEBAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTMODEL1ISNOTRECOMMENDEDFORMEDIUMSIZEDANDLARGEAPPLICATIONSASITINTRODUCESMAINTENANCENIGHTMARETHISPAPERCOMPARESANDEVALUATESTHEEASEOFAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTANDTHEPERFORMANCEOFTHETHREEDESIGNMODELSMODEL2,STRUTS,ANDJSFBYBUILDINGTHREEVERSIONSOFANONLINESTOREAPPLICATIONUSINGEACHOFTHETHREEDESIGNMODELS,RESPECTIVELY1INTRODUCTIONTODAY,WEBAPPLICATIONSARETHEMOSTCOMMONAPPLICATIONSFORPRESENTINGDYNAMICCONTENTSTHEREAREANUMBEROFTECHNOLOGIESFORBUILDINGWEBAPPLICATIONS,THEMOSTPOPULAROFWHICHISTHESERVLETTECHNOLOGY5THISTECHNOLOGYGAINSITSPOPULARITYFROMITSSUPERIORITYOVEROTHERTECHNOLOGIESSUCHASCGIANDPHP2,3,13WEBUILDTHREEVERSIONSOFANONLINESTOREAPPLICATIONNAMEDBUYDIRECTUSINGMODEL2,STRUTSANDJSFTHEPARAMETERSCOMPAREDARETHENUMBEROFLINESOFCODE,THENUMBEROFCLASSES,ANDTHEPERFORMANCEMEASUREMENTRESULTSWEINVESTIGATEWHICHOFTHEDESIGNMODELSALLOWSTHEMOSTRAPIDDEVELOPMENTPROCESSWEEVALUATETHEPERFORMANCESOFTHEAPPLICATIONSBUILTUPONTHESEMODELSWEPROVIDESOMESUGGESTIONSTOPERFECTTHEEXISTINGDESIGNMODELSTOMAKEDEVELOPMENTMORERAPIDTHERESTOFTHEPAPERISORGANISEDASFOLLOWSSECTION2DISCUSSESTHEISSUESINWEBDEVELOPMENTSECTION3EXPLAINSHOWTHETHREEDESIGNMODELSADDRESSTHESEDEVELOPMENTISSUESSECTION4PROVIDESTHEDETAILSOFTHEHARDWAREANDSOFTWAREUSEDINTHESEEXPERIMENTSSECTION5PRESENTSTHEEXPERIMENTRESULTSANDANALYSISSECTION6REVIEWSTHERELATEDWORKSECTION7CONCLUDESBYOFFERINGSOMESUGGESTIONSTOIMPROVETHEEXISTINGDESIGNMODELS2JAVAWEBDEVELOPMENTISSUESALLJAVAWEBDEVELOPMENTUSESTHESERVLETTECHNOLOGYASTHEUNDERLYINGTECHNOLOGYASSUCH,ALLJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONSHAVECERTAINISSUESTHATNEEDTOBEADDRESSED?USERINTERFACETHEUSERINTERFACEISWHATTHECLIENTBROWSERRENDERSASHTMLTAGSANYSERVERSIDECOMPONENTUSEDINTHEAPPLICATIONMUSTBEENCODEDINTOTHECORRESPONDINGHTMLELEMENTSBESIDESFORDISPLAYINGTHECONTENTANDDATA,THEUSERINTERFACEISALSORESPONSIBLEINRECEIVINGINPUTFROMTHEUSER?INPUTVALIDATIONUSERINPUTNEEDSTOBEVALIDATEDTHEREARETWOTYPESOFINPUTVALIDATION,SERVERSIDEANDCLIENTSIDEASTHENAMEIMPLIES,THESERVERSIDEINPUTVALIDATIONISPERFORMEDONTHESERVERAFTERTHEINPUTREACHESTHESERVERCLIENTSIDEINPUTVALIDATIONISDONEONTHEBROWSER,USUALLYBYUSINGJAVASCRIPTOROTHERSCRIPTINGLANGUAGESTHEADVANTAGESOFUSINGCLIENTSIDEINPUTVALIDATIONAREPROMPTRESPONSEANDREDUCINGTHESERVERWORKLOADTHESERVERSIDEINPUTVALIDATIONSHOULDALWAYSBEPERFORMEDREGARDLESSTHEPRESENCEOFCLIENTSIDEVALIDATIONBECAUSETHEREISNOGUARANTEETHEUSERBROWSERSSCRIPTINGFEATUREISBEINGONANDMALICIOUSUSERSCANEASILYWORKAROUNDCLIENTSIDEVALIDATION?MODELOBJECTSMODELOBJECTSINJAVABASEDWEBAPPLICATIONSAREINTHEFORMSOFJAVABEANSMODELOBJECTSMAKEUPTHEMODELPARTOFTHEMVCBASEDDESIGNMODEL

簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標(biāo)題ACLOUDBASEDLEARNINGSYSTEMFORJAVAPROGRAMMINGCLASS外文作者HAYATOTSUKIJI,TAKAYUKIKASAI,MIZUKIKUMADA,ANDKOSUKETAKANO文獻(xiàn)出處2018INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONKNOWLEDGECREATIONANDINTELLIGENTCOMPUTINGKCIC如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文2605單詞，15522字符字符就是印刷符，中文4024漢字。（如果字?jǐn)?shù)多了，可自行刪減，大多數(shù)學(xué)校都是要求選取外文的一部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行翻譯的。）ACLOUDBASEDLEARNINGSYSTEMFORJAVAPROGRAMMINGCLASSABSTRACTWITHTHEADVANCEOFTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGTECHNOLOGY,ONLINEPROGRAMMINGSERVICESTHATCANBEAVAILABLETHROUGHAWEBBROWSERHAVEBEENWIDELYSPREADINAPROGRAMMINGCLASS,ATEACHERCANEFFICIENTLYMANAGEEACHSTUDENTS’PROGRESSBYINTRODUCINGSUCHANONLINEPROGRAMMINGSERVICETOTHESTUDENTSINTHISSTUDY,WEDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTACLOUDBASEDJAVALEARNINGSYSTEMFOREFFECTIVELYTEACHINGJAVAPROGRAMMINGSKILLSTOSTUDENTSINACLASSOURPROPOSEDJAVAPROGRAMMINGLEARNINGSYSTEMPROVIDESAFUNCTIONOFCLASSIFYINGSTUDENTSINTOSOMEGROUPSBASEDONTHESIMILARITYOFCOMPILE/RUNTIMEERRORSOFJAVAPROGRAMSOTHATATEACHERCANGRASPINDIVIDUALSTUDENTS’PROGRESSFORJAVAPROGRAMMINGEXERCISESINTHECLASSINTHEEXPERIMENTUSINGOURPROTOTYPE,WEEVALUATEDTHEFEASIBILITYOFTHEPROPOSEDCLOUDBASEDJAVALEARNINGSYSTEMINTERMSOFTHECAPABILITYOFCLASSIFYINGSTUDENTSINTOSOMEGROUPSBASEDONTHESIMILARITYOFCOMPILE/RUNTIMEERRORSOFJAVAPROGRAMASWELLASTHEUSABILITYEVALUATIONKEYWORDSJAVAPROGRAMMINGONLINECOMPILERELEARNINGCLOUDCOMPUTINGIINTRODUCTIONWITHTHEADVANCEOFTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGTECHNOLOGY,ONLINEPROGRAMMINGSERVICESTHATCANBEAVAILABLETHROUGHAWEBBROWSERHAVEBEENWIDELYSPREADINAINTHEEXPERIMENTUSINGOURPROTOTYPE,WEEVALUATEDTHEFEASIBILITYOFTHEPROPOSEDCLOUDBASEDJAVALEARNINGSYSTEMINTERMSOFTHECAPABILITYOFCLASSIFYINGSTUDENTSINTOSOMEGROUPSBASEDONTHESIMILARITYOFCOMPILE/RUNTIMEERRORSOFJAVAPROGRAMASWELLASTHEUSABILITYEVALUATIONIIRELATEDWORKPRESENTLY,ITISEXPECTEDTODEVELOPANEWEDUCATIONALMETHODBASEDONTHEANALYSISOFTHEEDUCATIONALBIGDATATHATCANBEEXTRACTEDANDACCUMULATEDFROMELEARNINGHISTORIESOFINDIVIDUALSTUDENTSIN1,KUSANOETALPROPOSEAWEBBASEDSYSTEMTOSUPPORTAPROGRAMMINGLECTURETHATENABLESTEACHERSTOGIVEANADVICEACCORDINGTOTHESTUDENT’SPROGRESSBYBROWSINGSTUDENTS’LEARNINGHISTORIESINACLASSNOZAKIETALPROPOSEAMETHODOFSEQUENTIALPATTERNMININGSPECIALIZINGINTHEANALYSISOFPROGRAMMINGLEARNINGHISTORYFORCONDUCTINGEFFECTIVEAPROGRAMINGCLASSACCORDINGTOTHELEVELOFSTUDENT’SCOMPREHENSION2INADDITION,HOSHINOETALDISCUSSAPROGRAMMINGLEARNINGSUPPORTBASEDONTHESTUDENT’SINPUTFEATUREEXTRACTEDBYANALYZINGTHETIMESERIESINPUTPATTERNTHATAPPEARSWHENTHESTUDENTISWRITINGASOURCECODEFURTHERMORE,HAYAMIETALDEVELOPAWEBBASEDSQLLEARNINGSUPPORTSYSTEMFORIMPROVINGTHELEARNINGLEVELOFSQLBYEXECUTINGSQLACCORDINGTOATEXTBOOK,ANDINDICATESTHATTHEREISACORRELATIONBETWEENANUMBEROFSQLEXECUTIONSANDSTUDENT’SCOMPREHENSIONTOSQLBYANALYZINGSTUDENTS’LEARNINGLOGSANDTHEIRTESTSCORE4INCOMPARISONWITHTHESESTUDIES,THEPROPOSEDJAVALEARNINGSYSTEMALLOWSUSTOFINDSTUDENTSINASIMILARTROUBLEBYCLASSIFYINGTHEMINTOAGROUPBASEDONTHEWORKPROGRESSFOREACHQUESTIONANDERRORMESSAGESINCOMPILING/EXECUTINGSOURCECODESINAPROGRAMMINGCLASSTHISFEATUREOFTHEPROPOSEDSYSTEMENABLESTEACHERSANDTA/SATOEFFICIENTLYMANAGEAPROGRAMMINGCLASSWITHLIMITEDTIMEANDTEACHERRESOURCESIIIPROPOSEDSYSTEMASYSTEMARCHITECTURE

簡介：3500英文單詞，英文單詞，17500英文字符，中文英文字符，中文5600字文獻(xiàn)出處文獻(xiàn)出處AHUJAS,YANGJLPERFORMANCEEVALUATIONOFJAVAWEBSERVICESADEVELOPER’SPERSPECTIVEJCOMMUNICATIONSSOMEARETOSHOWTHETRANSPARENCYANDABSTRACTIONTHISSECTIONEXPLAINSTHESEMETRICS31LATENCYINTERMSOFNETWORK,LATENCYISANEXPRESSIONOFHOWMUCHTIMEITTAKESFORDATATOBESENTBACKTOAREQUESTTHISINCLUDESTHETIMEFORTHEREQUESTTOBESENTTOTHESERVER,THETIMETHESERVERSPENDSONPROCESSINGTHETASK,ANDTHETIMEFORTHERESULTSTOBESENTBACKTHENETWORKLATENCYISCONTRIBUTEDBYMANYFACTORS,SUCHASPROPAGATION,TRANSMISSION,MODEMANDROUTERPROCESSING,ANDSTORAGEDELAYSTHEPROPAGATIONISTHETIMEITTAKESFORANOBJECT,SUCHASDATA,TOTRANSFERFROMALOCATIONTOANOTHERINTHESPEEDOFLIGHTTRANSMISSIONISTHEDELAYFROMTHEMEDIUMLIKEOPTICALFIBERORWIRELESSNETWORKSMODEMSANDROUTERSTAKETIMETOCHECKTHEHEADERSOFAPACKETTHESTORAGEDELAYISTHETIMEITTAKESFORTHEACTUALHARDWARESTORAGE,SUCHASHARDDRIVES,TOSTORETHERECEIVEDDATAINTHISPROJECT,THELATENCYISTESTEDWITHDIFFERENTSCENARIOSSUCHASREQUESTING1,2,3,4,AND5MBOFDATA,AND1,5,10,15,20CLIENTSSIMULTANEOUSREQUESTINGDATAFROMTHERESULTSOFSUCHTESTING,TRENDSCANBEFOUNDANDCOMPAREDFOREACHFRAMEWORK32THROUGHPUTTHROUGHPUTISTHEAMOUNTOFCLIENTSORDATAPROCESSEDWITHINACERTAINUNITOFTIME,LIKEASECONDITISHIGHLYRELATEDTOLATENCY,SINCESCENARIOSWITHHIGHLATENCYWOULDRESULTINLOWTHROUGHPUT,ANDSCENARIOSWITHLOWLATENCYWOULDRESULTINHIGHTHROUGHPUTHOWEVER,BYVIEWINGTHELATENCYGRAPH,WECANONLYTELLTHETRENDSOFRESPONSETIME,WHILEWECANDETERMINETHEMOSTEFFICIENTSCENARIOFORAFRAMEWORKTHROUGHVIEWINGATHROUGHPUTGRAPH33MEMORYUSAGEINCOMPUTING,MEMORYISDATASTORAGETOTEMPORARILYSTOREDATAFORCALCULATIONSOFTHECOMPUTERTHEREISAWIDEVARIETYOFMEMORY,SUCHASCACHEMEMORY,FLASHMEMORY,RANDOMACCESSMEMORYRAM,VIRTUALMEMORY,ETCEITHERMEMORY,THEYAREALLLIMITEDINSERVERDUETOTHECOSTANDSPACEAFRAMEWORKTHATUSESLESSMEMORYWOULDHAVEANADVANTAGEOFALLOWINGHIGHERCAPACITYFORTHESERVER34CPUUSAGECENTRALPROCESSINGUNITCPU,ALSOKNOWNASPROCESSOR,ISACOMPONENTINACOMPUTERUSEDTOINTERPRETPROGRAMINSTRUCTIONSANDPROCESSDATAALTHOUGHITISONLYABLETOPROCESSONETASKATATIME,WHENTHEREAREMULTIPLETASKSTOBEDONE,INSTEADOFFINISHINGATASKTHENGOINGTOANOTHER,THECPUISDESIGNEDTOSWITCHTOOTHERTASKSBEFOREFINISHINGONEIFNECESSARY,SOTHATITWOULDACTLIKEIFITISEXECUTINGMULTIPLETASKSATTHESAMETIMEHOWEVER,LARGETASKSMIGHTOCCUPYALOTOFCPUTIME,WHICHDECREASESTHETIMESCHEDULEDFOROTHERTASKSAFRAMEWORKTHATUSESLESSCPUWOULDALLOWTHESERVERTOHAVEMORETIMETOEXECUTEOTHERTASKS35SOURCELINESOFCODETHESOURCELINESOFCODESLOCUSEDINAFRAMEWORKCANINDICATETHETRANSPARENCYANDABSTRACTIONOFTHEFRAMEWORKTHEMAINGOALOFAFRAMEWORKISTOSAVETHEDEVELOPER’STIMEANDEFFORTBYNOTHAVINGTOWRITETHEENTIRECODEFROMSCRATCHTHUSTHELESSLINESOFCODETHATISREQUIREDFORAFRAMEWORK,THEMORETIMEANDEFFORTISSAVEDBYTHISFRAMEWORKHOWEVER,LINESOFCODECANNOTBEEXACTLYACCURATESINCESOMELINESMIGHTBELONGWHILESOMELINESARESHORTSOTHENUMBEROFFILESANDSIZEOFFILESALSOISACONSIDERATION4STATISTICALANALYSISMETHODSAFTERRETRIEVINGTHETESTDATATOCOMPARETHEPERFORMANCES,WENEEDAMETHODTOANALYZETHERESULTSBYSIMPLYCALCULATINGTHEAVERAGERESPONSETIMESANDMAKINGTHEMINTOAGRAPHSISNOT

簡介：3000英文單詞，17000英文字符，中文5100字出處INDI,TS,YALAGI,PS,NIRGUDE,MA2016USEOFJAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACETOIMPROVEBUGFIXINGSKILLSOFINTERMEDIATEJAVALEARNERS2016INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONLEARNINGANDTEACHINGINCOMPUTINGANDENGINEERINGLATICE使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來改進(jìn)中級JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者的漏洞修復(fù)技巧作者TRUPTISINDI，PRATIBHASYALAGI,MANISHAANIRGUDE譯文摘要今天的行業(yè)需要關(guān)注開發(fā)過程中的軟件質(zhì)量，而不僅僅是軟件交付。可以在軟件開發(fā)生命周期的不同階段測量，監(jiān)控和測試軟件質(zhì)量。軟件的重大失敗會影響金錢以及公司的聲譽(yù)。在這種情況下，在更短的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)漏洞是一個重要因素。今天對工科學(xué)生的挑戰(zhàn)是擁有程序編寫技能以及漏洞修復(fù)技能，并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)。在這里，我們介紹了如何改進(jìn)漏洞修復(fù)技巧的實(shí)驗。我們在信息技術(shù)學(xué)科三年級學(xué)生的JAVA編程課程中進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗。這個實(shí)驗是使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來查找JAVA程序中的漏洞并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)它們。為了測試該實(shí)驗的效果，進(jìn)行了預(yù)測試后實(shí)驗研究以及感知調(diào)查。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)超過65％的學(xué)生在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)成功修復(fù)了漏洞，大約20％的學(xué)生能夠修復(fù)漏洞，但不是在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)。大約8085％的學(xué)生在課程內(nèi)處于分析和修復(fù)程序中漏洞的狀態(tài)。關(guān)鍵字JAVA編程，調(diào)試，JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤，異常處理，漏洞修復(fù)技巧1介紹計算機(jī)編程是工程課程的基礎(chǔ)課程。此類中添加的各種計算機(jī)編程語言是C編程語言，C，C＃，JAVA等。這些計算機(jī)編程語言是軟件開發(fā)過程所需的基本構(gòu)建塊。學(xué)生應(yīng)具備良好的計算機(jī)編程概念知識，包括程序編寫技巧，問題解決方案設(shè)計技巧，程序分析技巧和程序調(diào)試技巧。如今，行業(yè)需要關(guān)注開發(fā)過程中的軟件質(zhì)量，而不僅僅是軟件交付?？梢栽谲浖_發(fā)生命周期的不同階段測量，監(jiān)控和測試軟件質(zhì)量。在教授編程課程時，需要向?qū)W生詳細(xì)闡述所有這些事實(shí)。在今天的教學(xué)過程中，只有程序?qū)懽骷寄艿闹R是不夠的8。除了程序編寫技巧，漏洞修復(fù)技能還可以幫助學(xué)生編寫高質(zhì)量的程序。在許多實(shí)際系統(tǒng)中，例如服務(wù)器，基于安卓平臺的系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備以及嵌入式系統(tǒng)，由于其面向?qū)ο蟮奶匦?，穩(wěn)定性，可移植性和安全性，JAVA是高要求的編程語言7。因此，IT行業(yè)需要JAVA程序員有優(yōu)秀的程序?qū)懽骷记珊吐┒葱迯?fù)技巧。在本文中，我們介紹了在信息技術(shù)學(xué)科三年級學(xué)生的JAVA編程課程中進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗。本實(shí)驗的主要目的是使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來理解JAVA程序中的異常，并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)程序中的錯誤。在所提出的實(shí)驗中，進(jìn)行了預(yù)測試后實(shí)驗研究以及感知調(diào)查。代碼非常悲慘，如果之后沒有刪除調(diào)試消息，則會引入運(yùn)行時開銷。在所提出的實(shí)驗中遵循的方法不需要很長時間并且不需要經(jīng)常進(jìn)行代碼修改，而是僅需要理解和分析異常堆棧跟蹤以修復(fù)程序中的漏洞/錯誤。在這里，學(xué)生需要了解JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤在程序捕獲或拋出異常時的作用。異常堆棧跟蹤的知識將幫助學(xué)生找到導(dǎo)致錯誤的正確代碼。因此JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤將比其他方法更快地幫助學(xué)生修復(fù)漏洞。實(shí)驗的目標(biāo)是了解異常堆棧跟蹤并分析異常堆棧跟蹤，以提高對JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者的概念性理解并修復(fù)JAVA程序中的漏洞。本實(shí)驗的主要目的是使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來理解JAVA程序中的異常，并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)程序中的錯誤。為了找到研究問題的答案，與信息技術(shù)學(xué)科的三年級工科學(xué)生一起進(jìn)行了測試前測試實(shí)驗研究以及感知調(diào)查。首先進(jìn)行了預(yù)編程測試。在這里，每個學(xué)生都有三個帶有漏洞的程序。提到持續(xù)時間來修復(fù)這些程序中的漏洞并成功執(zhí)行這些程序。每個學(xué)生的程序執(zhí)行狀態(tài)和持續(xù)時間記錄如圖2所示。然后，老師使用功率點(diǎn)演示和演示示例教授“JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤”概念。概念解釋后，在實(shí)驗室進(jìn)行編程后測試。在這個測試中，三個程序給學(xué)生帶來了錯誤。在此，還提到了學(xué)生成功執(zhí)行各自課程的指定時間。我們確保在測試前和測試后給出的程序的認(rèn)知水平相同。發(fā)布每個學(xué)生記下的程序執(zhí)行狀態(tài)和持續(xù)時間，如圖4所示。4方法研究問題是“如何改善JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者的漏洞/錯誤修復(fù)技巧”以下是為此實(shí)驗設(shè)定的目標(biāo)成就（1）學(xué)生將能夠獲得JAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACE的知識。（2）學(xué)生將能夠閱讀和理解JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤。（3）學(xué)生將在分析堆棧跟蹤后采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣硇迯?fù)程序中的錯誤。（4）學(xué)生在解決當(dāng)前錯誤時不會產(chǎn)生新的錯誤。（5）最后，學(xué)生將在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)使用STACKTRACE修復(fù)JAVA程序中的錯誤。41使用樣品在這個實(shí)驗中，我們考慮了中級JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者。隨機(jī)選擇了40名來自信息技術(shù)工程系的三年級學(xué)生。42實(shí)驗裝置該研究是為“JAVA編程”課程進(jìn)行的。在本課程中，每周有兩個講座和兩個小時的實(shí)驗課。在本課程中，學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)了基本的JAVA編程和對異常處理的理解。在學(xué)期結(jié)束時，在編程實(shí)驗室進(jìn)行了第一次預(yù)測試，其中向每個學(xué)生提供了三個有錯誤的程序。提到持續(xù)時間來修復(fù)錯誤在那些程序中并成功執(zhí)行這些

簡介：字?jǐn)?shù)英文字?jǐn)?shù)英文20072007單詞，單詞，1066510665字符；中文字符；中文33083308漢字漢字出處出處KUMARSAHUKUMARSAHUAAJAVAJAVAWEBWEBDEPLOYMENTDEPLOYMENTININCLOUDCLOUDCOMPUTINGJCOMPUTINGJINTERNATIONALINTERNATIONALJOURNALJOURNALOFOFCOMPUTERCOMPUTERAPPLICATIONS,APPLICATIONS,2013,2013,7515313475153134外文文獻(xiàn)外文文獻(xiàn)JAVAWEBDEPLOYMENTINCLOUDCOMPUTINGABSTRACTCLOUDCOMPUTINGISAREVOLUTIONARYITFIELDINTODAY’SWORLDSEVERALTECHNOLOGIESLIKEJAVA,PYTHONPROVIDESDEPLOYMENTONCLOUDSUSINGRESPECTIVETOOLSINTHISPAPER,THEWEBDEPLOYMENTINCLOUDCOMPUTINGWITHJAVAANDTHEPERFORMANCEISSUESOFTHEJAVADEPLOYMENTONACLOUDISDISCUSSEDTHEREARESEVERALTOOLSAVAILABLETODEPLOYAJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONONCLOUDS,SOMEOFTHESEAREGOOGLEAPPENGINEBYGOOGLE,WINDOWSAZUREBYMICROSOFT,AMAZONEC2BYAMAZONETCCLOUDCOMPUTINGISPROVIDINGMANYFACILITIESFORDEPLOYMENTBUTISALSOHAVINGPERFORMANCEISSUESWHICHISAMAJORFACTORFORTHEWEBAPPLICATIONSISSUESWITHJAVADEPLOYMENTONCLOUDWOULDTRYTORESOLVETHROUGHTHEFRAMEWORKCUSTOMIZATIONAJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONISDEPLOYEDONGOOGLECLOUDANDEXAMINEDOFITSPERFORMANCE,FURTHERINTHISPAPERGENERALTERMSCLOUDCOMPUTING,GOOGLEAPPENGINE,JAVAWEBDEPLOYMENT1INTRODUCTIONCLOUDCOMPUTINGISASERVICEUSEDOVERANETWORKFORMULTIPURPOSESLIKESOFTWARE,PLATFORM,INFRASTRUCTURESERVICEANDPROVIDESABETTERAWAYFORVIRTUALIZATIONINTHEITFIELDTHEREARESEVERALFIELDSTHATAREAFFECTEDBYTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGLIKEITSCOSTISUSEBASED,ANDWILLLIKELYBEABRIDGEDINHOUSEITCOSTSARECONDENSEDCAPITALINVESTMENTISCHEAPTHELATESTTECHNOLOGYISOFFEREDALWAYSTHEUSEOFSTANDARDTECHNOLOGYISOPTIMISTICANDFACILITATECLOUDSERVICESACLOUDISAPOOLOFSYSTEMS,RESOURCESANDTHEIRCLASSESTHATPROVIDESALLFACILITIESASPERTHEUSEREND’SREQUIREMENTSALLTHERESOURCES,APPLICATIONSAREPARTOFACLOUDCLOUDCOMPUTINGPROVIDESFOLLOWINGCLASSIFICATIONOFITSSERVICESIAASINFRASTRUCTUREASASERVICEPAASPLATFORMASASERVICESAASSOFTWAREASASERVICE

簡介：USEOFJAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACETOIMPROVEBUGFIXINGSKILLSOFINTERMEDIATEJAVALEARNERSTRUPTISINDI1,PRATIBHASYALAGI2ANDMANISHAANIRGUDE3ASSISTANTPROFESSOR,DEPARTMENTOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYWALCHANDINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYSOLAPUR,INDIAABSTRACTTODAYINDUSTRYDEMANDSATTENTIONTOWARDSTHESOFTWAREQUALITYINTHEDEVELOPMENTPROCESSTHANONLYSOFTWAREDELIVERYTHEQUALITYOFSOFTWARECANBEMEASURED,MONITOREDANDTESTEDDURINGDIFFERENTPHASESOFSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTLIFECYCLEMAJORFAILURESOFSOFTWAREAFFECTMONEYASWELLASTHEREPUTATIONOFACOMPANYINTHISSCENARIO,FIXINGBUGSINLESSTIMEISANIMPORTANTFACTORTODAY’SCHALLENGEFORENGINEERINGSTUDENTSISTOHAVEPROGRAMWRITINGSKILLSASWELLASBUGFIXINGSKILLSANDCOMPLETETHETASKINSTIPULATEDTIMEPERIODHERE,WEPRESENTTHEEXPERIMENTONHOWBUGFIXINGSKILLSAREIMPROVEDWEHAVECONDUCTEDTHEEXPERIMENTDURINGJAVAPROGRAMMINGCOURSEFORTHIRDYEARSTUDENTSOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYDISCIPLINETHISEXPERIMENTWASTOUSEJAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACETOFINDBUGSINJAVAPROGRAMANDFIXTHEMINSTIPULATEDTIMETOTESTTHEEFFECTOFTHISEXPERIMENT,APRETESTPOSTTESTEXPERIMENTALSTUDYALONGWITHPERCEPTIONSURVEYWASCARRIEDOUTWEFOUNDTHATMORETHAN65STUDENTSWERESUCCESSFULINFIXINGBUGSINSTIPULATEDTIMEANDABOUT20STUDENTSWEREABLETOFIXBUGS,BUTNOTINSTIPULATEDTIMEABOUT8085STUDENTSWEREINSTATETOANALYZEANDFIXTHEBUGSINPROGRAMKEYWORDSJAVAPRGRAMMING,DEBUGGING,JAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACE,EXCEPTIONHANDLING,BUGFIXINGSKILLSIINTRODUCTIONCOMPUTERPROGRAMMINGISFUNDAMENTALCOURSEINENGINEERINGCURRICULUMVARIOUSCOMPUTERPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGESADDEDINTHISCATEGORYARECPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGE,C,C,JAVAANDOTHERSTHESECOMPUTERPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGESAREBASICBUILDINGBLOCKSREQUIREDFORSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTPROCESSTHESTUDENTSSHOULDHAVEGOODKNOWLEDGEOFCOMPUTERPROGRAMMINGCONCEPTSWHICHINCLUDESPROGRAMWRITINGSKILLS,PROBLEMSOLUTIONDESIGNSKILLS,PROGRAMANALYZINGSKILLSANDPROGRAMDEBUGGINGSKILLSTODAYINDUSTRYDEMANDSATTENTIONTOWARDSTHESOFTWAREQUALITYINTHEDEVELOPMENTPROCESSTHANONLYSOFTWAREDELIVERYTHEQUALITYOFSOFTWARECANBEMEASURED,MONITOREDANDTESTEDDURINGDIFFERENTPHASESOFSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTLIFECYCLEALLTHESEFACTSNEEDBEELABORATEDTOTHESTUDENTSWHILETEACHINGPROGRAMMINGCOURSESONLYKNOWLEDGEOFPROGRAMWRITINGSKILLSARENOTSUFFICIENTINTODAY’STEACHINGLEARNINGPROCESS8ALONGWITHPROGRAMWRITINGSKILLS,BUGFIXINGSKILLSHELPSSTUDENTSTOWRITEQUALITYPROGRAMINMANYPRACTICALSYSTEMS,SUCHASSERVERS,ANDROIDPLATFORMBASEDSYSTEMSANDDEVICESANDEMBEDDEDSYSTEM,THEJAVAISHIGHLYDEMANDINGPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGEDUETOITSOBJECTORIENTEDFEATURES,ROBUSTNESS,PORTABILITYANDSECURITYFEATURES7SOITINDUSTRIESDEMANDSFORGOODJAVAPROGRAMMERSINTERMSOFPROGRAMWRITINGSKILLSANDBUGFIXINGSKILLSINTHISPAPER,WEHAVEPRESENTEDTHEEXPERIMENT,CONDUCTEDDURINGJAVAPROGRAMMINGCOURSEFORTHIRDYEARSTUDENTSOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYDISCIPLINETHEMAINOBJECTIVEOFTHISEXPERIMENTWASTOUSEJAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACETOUNDERSTANDEXCEPTIONINJAVAPROGRAMANDFIXERRORINPROGRAMINSTIPULATEDTIMEINPRESENTEDEXPERIMENT,APRETESTPOSTTESTEXPERIMENTALSTUDYALONGWITHPERCEPTIONSURVEYWASCARRIEDOUTINSECTIONIIRELATEDWORKREGARDINGDIFFERENTTEACHINGMETHODOLOGIESUSEDTOTEACHJAVAPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGECONCEPTSANDDEBUGGINGMETHODSPRESENTEDINSECTIONIIIEXPLAINSTHEBACKGROUNDSTUDYBEHINDTHISEXPERIMENTANDSECTIONIVILLUSTRATESMETHODOLOGYFOLLOWEDINTHISEXPERIMENTINCLUDESSAMPLESUSED,EXPERIMENTALSETUPANDINSTRUMENTSUSEDEXPERIMENTRESULTSANDSTUDENTSFEEDBACKDESCRIBEDINSECTIONVTHISISFOLLOWEDBYDISCUSSIONINSECTIONVIANDCONCLUSIONINSECTIONVIIIILITERATUREREVIEWVARIOUSEXPERIMENTSCONDUCTEDTOSTUDYANDUSESTACKTRACEINDEBUGGINGADRIANSCHROTER,NICOLASBETTENBURGANDRAHULPREMRAJ1CONDUCTEDANEXPERIMENTTOKNOWTHATDOSTACKTRACESHELPSPEEDUPDEBUGGINGTHEYEXPLAINEDHOWSTACKTRACESINDICATESWHICHPARTSOFTHECODECOULDCONTAINTHEDEFECTANDTHISHELPSSPEEDUPDEBUGGINGALSOSHUJUANJIANG,HONGCHANGZHANG,QINGTANWANGANDYANMEIZHANG2PRESENTEDADEBUGGINGAPPROACHFORJAVARUNTIMEEXCEPTIONSBASEDONPROGRAMSLICINGANDSTACKTRACESFORLOCATINGFAULTSINJAVAPROGRAMSTHATCAUSERUNTIMEEXCEPTIONSINTHEIRAPPROACH,FIRSTPROGRAMSLICINGUSEDTOREDUCETHESEARCHSCOPE,ANDTHENBACKWARDDATAFLOWANALYSISISPERFORMEDSTARTINGFROMTHEPOINTWHERETHEEXCEPTIONOCCURREDTHENSTACKTRACEINFORMATIONISUSEDTOGUIDETHEANALYSISTODETERMINETHESOURCESTATEMENTTHATISRESPONSIBLEFORTHERUNTIMEEXCEPTIONTHEREAREDIFFICULTIESINUNDERSTANDINGEXCEPTIONHANDLINGMECHANISMWHICHEXPLAINEDBYRASHKOVITSRAMIANDLAVYILANA3ALSOTHEYFOCUSEDONIMPROVINGTHESTUDENTSABILITYTOPROPERLYUTILIZETHEADVANCEDPROPERTIESOFEXCEPTIONSTOPRODUCEHIGHERQUALITYSOFTWARETHESTUDYCONDUCTEDBYIOANATUUGALEICHANMOWONNOVICEPROGRAMMINGERRORSINJAVAPROGRAMMINGANDAIMEDATIDENTIFYINGWHATARETHECOMMONTYPESOFPROGRAMMINGERRORSSTUDENTSMAKEBASEDONTHECATEGORIZATIONASSYNTAX,SEMANTICANDLOGICALERRORSTHESTUDYASCERTAINEDCOMMONPROGRAMMINGERRORSBUTDIDNOTLOOKATTHETIMETAKENBY2016INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONLEARNINGANDTEACHINGINCOMPUTINGANDENGINEERING9781509025046/163100?2016IEEEDOI101109/LATICE20169194INTHOSEPROGRAMSANDTOEXECUTETHOSEPROGRAMSSUCCESSFULLYEVERYSTUDENT’SPROGRAMEXECUTIONSTATUSANDTIMEDURATIONWASNOTEDDOWNAFTERCONDUCTINGPRETEST,TEACHERTAUGHT“JAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACECONCEPT”INTHECLASSROOMDURINGTHISLECTURE,HOWTOREADANDINTERPRETSTACKTRACEWASEXPLAINEDJAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACEWASILLUSTRATEDWITHTHEHELPOFDEMOEXAMPLESANDPOWERPOIN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簡介：3000英文單詞，17000英文字符，中文5100字出處INDI,TS,YALAGI,PS,NIRGUDE,MA2016USEOFJAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACETOIMPROVEBUGFIXINGSKILLSOFINTERMEDIATEJAVALEARNERS2016INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONLEARNINGANDTEACHINGINCOMPUTINGANDENGINEERINGLATICE使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來改進(jìn)中級JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者的漏洞修復(fù)技巧作者TRUPTISINDI，PRATIBHASYALAGI,MANISHAANIRGUDE譯文摘要今天的行業(yè)需要關(guān)注開發(fā)過程中的軟件質(zhì)量，而不僅僅是軟件交付?？梢栽谲浖_發(fā)生命周期的不同階段測量，監(jiān)控和測試軟件質(zhì)量。軟件的重大失敗會影響金錢以及公司的聲譽(yù)。在這種情況下，在更短的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)漏洞是一個重要因素。今天對工科學(xué)生的挑戰(zhàn)是擁有程序編寫技能以及漏洞修復(fù)技能，并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)。在這里，我們介紹了如何改進(jìn)漏洞修復(fù)技巧的實(shí)驗。我們在信息技術(shù)學(xué)科三年級學(xué)生的JAVA編程課程中進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗。這個實(shí)驗是使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來查找JAVA程序中的漏洞并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)它們。為了測試該實(shí)驗的效果，進(jìn)行了預(yù)測試后實(shí)驗研究以及感知調(diào)查。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)超過65％的學(xué)生在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)成功修復(fù)了漏洞，大約20％的學(xué)生能夠修復(fù)漏洞，但不是在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)。大約8085％的學(xué)生在課程內(nèi)處于分析和修復(fù)程序中漏洞的狀態(tài)。關(guān)鍵字JAVA編程，調(diào)試，JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤，異常處理，漏洞修復(fù)技巧1介紹計算機(jī)編程是工程課程的基礎(chǔ)課程。此類中添加的各種計算機(jī)編程語言是C編程語言，C，C＃，JAVA等。這些計算機(jī)編程語言是軟件開發(fā)過程所需的基本構(gòu)建塊。學(xué)生應(yīng)具備良好的計算機(jī)編程概念知識，包括程序編寫技巧，問題解決方案設(shè)計技巧，程序分析技巧和程序調(diào)試技巧。如今，行業(yè)需要關(guān)注開發(fā)過程中的軟件質(zhì)量，而不僅僅是軟件交付?？梢栽谲浖_發(fā)生命周期的不同階段測量，監(jiān)控和測試軟件質(zhì)量。在教授編程課程時，需要向?qū)W生詳細(xì)闡述所有這些事實(shí)。在今天的教學(xué)過程中，只有程序?qū)懽骷寄艿闹R是不夠的8。除了程序編寫技巧，漏洞修復(fù)技能還可以幫助學(xué)生編寫高質(zhì)量的程序。在許多實(shí)際系統(tǒng)中，例如服務(wù)器，基于安卓平臺的系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備以及嵌入式系統(tǒng)，由于其面向?qū)ο蟮奶匦?，穩(wěn)定性，可移植性和安全性，JAVA是高要求的編程語言7。因此，IT行業(yè)需要JAVA程序員有優(yōu)秀的程序?qū)懽骷记珊吐┒葱迯?fù)技巧。在本文中，我們介紹了在信息技術(shù)學(xué)科三年級學(xué)生的JAVA編程課程中進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗。本實(shí)驗的主要目的是使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來理解JAVA程序中的異常，并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)程序中的錯誤。在所提出的實(shí)驗中，進(jìn)行了預(yù)測試后實(shí)驗研究以及感知調(diào)查。代碼非常悲慘，如果之后沒有刪除調(diào)試消息，則會引入運(yùn)行時開銷。在所提出的實(shí)驗中遵循的方法不需要很長時間并且不需要經(jīng)常進(jìn)行代碼修改，而是僅需要理解和分析異常堆棧跟蹤以修復(fù)程序中的漏洞/錯誤。在這里，學(xué)生需要了解JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤在程序捕獲或拋出異常時的作用。異常堆棧跟蹤的知識將幫助學(xué)生找到導(dǎo)致錯誤的正確代碼。因此JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤將比其他方法更快地幫助學(xué)生修復(fù)漏洞。實(shí)驗的目標(biāo)是了解異常堆棧跟蹤并分析異常堆棧跟蹤，以提高對JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者的概念性理解并修復(fù)JAVA程序中的漏洞。本實(shí)驗的主要目的是使用JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤來理解JAVA程序中的異常，并在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)修復(fù)程序中的錯誤。為了找到研究問題的答案，與信息技術(shù)學(xué)科的三年級工科學(xué)生一起進(jìn)行了測試前測試實(shí)驗研究以及感知調(diào)查。首先進(jìn)行了預(yù)編程測試。在這里，每個學(xué)生都有三個帶有漏洞的程序。提到持續(xù)時間來修復(fù)這些程序中的漏洞并成功執(zhí)行這些程序。每個學(xué)生的程序執(zhí)行狀態(tài)和持續(xù)時間記錄如圖2所示。然后，老師使用功率點(diǎn)演示和演示示例教授“JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤”概念。概念解釋后，在實(shí)驗室進(jìn)行編程后測試。在這個測試中，三個程序給學(xué)生帶來了錯誤。在此，還提到了學(xué)生成功執(zhí)行各自課程的指定時間。我們確保在測試前和測試后給出的程序的認(rèn)知水平相同。發(fā)布每個學(xué)生記下的程序執(zhí)行狀態(tài)和持續(xù)時間，如圖4所示。4方法研究問題是“如何改善JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者的漏洞/錯誤修復(fù)技巧”以下是為此實(shí)驗設(shè)定的目標(biāo)成就（1）學(xué)生將能夠獲得JAVAEXCEPTIONSTACKTRACE的知識。（2）學(xué)生將能夠閱讀和理解JAVA異常堆棧跟蹤。（3）學(xué)生將在分析堆棧跟蹤后采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣硇迯?fù)程序中的錯誤。（4）學(xué)生在解決當(dāng)前錯誤時不會產(chǎn)生新的錯誤。（5）最后，學(xué)生將在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)使用STACKTRACE修復(fù)JAVA程序中的錯誤。41使用樣品在這個實(shí)驗中，我們考慮了中級JAVA學(xué)習(xí)者。隨機(jī)選擇了40名來自信息技術(shù)工程系的三年級學(xué)生。42實(shí)驗裝置該研究是為“JAVA編程”課程進(jìn)行的。在本課程中，每周有兩個講座和兩個小時的實(shí)驗課。在本課程中，學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)了基本的JAVA編程和對異常處理的理解。在學(xué)期結(jié)束時，在編程實(shí)驗室進(jìn)行了第一次預(yù)測試，其中向每個學(xué)生提供了三個有錯誤的程序。提到持續(xù)時間來修復(fù)錯誤在那些程序中并成功執(zhí)行這些

簡介：COMMUNICATIONSANDNETWORK,2010,2,200206DOI104236/CN201023029PUBLISHEDONLINEMAY2010HTTP//WWWSCIRPORG/JOURNAL/CNCOPYRIGHT?2010SCIRESCNPERFORMANCEEVALUATIONOFJAVAWEBSERVICESADEVELOPER’SPERSPECTIVESANJAYAHUJA,JELOONYANGSCHOOLOFCOMPUTING,UNIVERSITYOFNORTHFLORIDA,JACKSONVILLE,FLORIDA,USAEMAIL{SAHUJA,N00168553}UNFEDURECEIVEDMARCH7,2010REVISEDJULY2,2010ACCEPTEDJULY3,2010ABSTRACTASTHEPOPULATIONOFTHEINTERNETGROWSRAPIDLYTHEDEVELOPMENTOFWEBTECHNOLOGIESBECOMESEXTREMELYIMPORTANTFORTHEEVOLVEMENTOFWEB20,WEBSERVICESAREESSENTIALWEBSERVICESAREPROGRAMSTHATALLOWCOMPUTERSOFDIFFERENTPLATFORMSONTHEWEBTOINTERACTIVELYCOMMUNICATEWITHOUTTHENEEDOFEXTRADATAFORHUMANREADINGINTERFACESANDFORMATSSUCHASWEBPAGESTRUCTURESSINCEWEBSERVICEISAFUTURETRENDFORTHEGROWTHOFINTERNET,THETOOLSTHATAREUSEDFORDEVELOPMENTISALSOIMPORTANTALTHOUGHTHEREAREMANYCHOICESOFWEBSERVICEFRAMEWORKSTOCHOOSEFROM,DEVELOPERSSHOULDCHOOSETHEFRAMEWORKTHATFITSBESTTOTHEIRAPPLICATIONBASEDONPERFORMANCE,TIMEANDEFFORTFORTHEFRAMEWORKINTHISPROJECT,WECHOSEFOURCOMMONFRAMEWORKSTOCOMPARETHEMINBOTHQUALITATIVEANDQUANTITATIVEMETRICSAFTERRUNNINGTHETESTS,THERESULTSARESTATISTICALLYANALYZEDBYSASKEYWORDSWEBSERVICE,FRAMEWORK,PERFORMANCE,JAVA,DEVELOPER1INTRODUCTIONFORGOINGONTRIPSTOOTHERSTATESORCOUNTRIES,THEPERSONUSUALLYREQUIRESTOBUYAIRPLANETICKETS,RENTACAR,ANDMAKERESERVATIONSFORHOTELSTOSTAYATWHENDEALINGWITHAIRPLANETICKETS,MOSTOFTHETIMETHEPERSONEVENHASTOBUYSEVERALTICKETSFORSOMESTOPSINSTEADOFATICKETTHATTAKESTHEPERSONDIRECTLYTOTHEFINALDESTINATIONLOOKINGUPTHEAIRPLANEARRIVALANDDEPARTURETIMESTOCONNECTEACHFLIGHTMIGHTTAKEHOURSOFSEARCHINGANDPLANNINGWHATIFTHEREWASAVIRTUALAGENTTHATCOULDDOTHISALLINJUSTAFEWSECONDSSOUSUALLYPEOPLEWOULDLOOKFORAGENTSTODOTHISFORTHEMBUTWHATIFTHISAGENTWASACTUALLYISACTUALLYAVIRTUALAGENTONLINEIFTHEPERSONJUSTENTERSTHELOCATIONHEWANTSTOSTARTFROM,THEDESTINATION,THEDESIREDTIMEFORDEPARTUREORARRIVAL,ANDALLTHEINFORMATIONREQUIREDINTOTHECOMPUTER,INASNAP,THECOMPUTERSHOWSALLTHERESULTSFORTHEPERSONTOCHOOSEFROMANDPURCHASETHETICKETSEVENBETTER,SUCHVIRTUALAGENTSCOULDHAVEPOSSIBILITIESTOALSOSHOWINFORMATIONOFTHECARRENTALSANDHOTELSATTHEDESTINATIONANDRESERVETHEMFORYOUBYUSINGTHISTYPEOFVIRTUALAGENT,COULDSAVEMUCHEFFORTANDTIMEANDCANALSOBEMOREACCURATETHANHUMANAGENTSSUCHTECHNOLOGYRELIESONTHEDEVELOPMENTANDWIDESPREADOFWEBSERVICESINSTEADOFDEVELOPINGAWEBSERVICEAPPLICATIONFROMSCRATCH,THEREAREMANYOPENSOURCEFRAMEWORKSTHATMAKEDEVELOPMENTMUCHEASIERWHICHOFTHESEFRAMEWORKSWOULDBEABETTERCHOICEFORWEBSERVICEAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENTTHISSTUDYCOMPARESFOURPOPULAROPENSOURCEFRAMEWORKSBOTHQUALITATIVELYANDQUANTITATIVELYBYDOINGSEVERALTESTSANDANALYSISTHEFOURFRAMEWORKSAREAPACHEAXIS,JBOSSWS,XFIRE,ANDHESSIANMOREINTRODUCTIONSOFWEBSERVICESAREDONEINSECTION2SECTION3DESCRIBESTHEFOURFRAMEWORKSTHATAREUSEDINTHISSTUDYINSECTION4,THEMETRICSTHATAREUSEDTOMEASURETHEFRAMEWORKSAREEXPLAINEDINMOREDETAILSECTION5INTRODUCESTHESTATISTICALANALYSISMETHODSTHATAREUSETOANALYZETHEMEASUREDRESULTSINSECTION6,THETESTRESULTSARESHOWNANDANALYZEDTHECONCLUSIONSAREINSECTION72WEBSERVICEFRAMEWORKSSINCEWEBSERVICESAREDESIGNEDTOTRANSFERDATAINCOMMONWAYS,SEVERALCOMPANIESANDGROUPSDEVELOPEDWEBSERVICEFRAMEWORKSFORTHECONVENIENCEOFWEBSERVICEDEVELOPERSSOTHATTHEYDONOTNEEDTOWRITEACOMPLETEWEBSERVICEFROMSCRATCHSOMEOFTHEPOPULARFRAMEWORKSAREAPACHEAXIS,JBOSSWS,CODEHAUSXFIRE,ANDCAUCHOHESSIANINTHISSECTION,THESEFRAMEWORKSAREGOINGTOBEINTRODUCEDSAHUJAETAL202WIDEVARIETYOFMEMORY,SUCHASCACHEMEMORY,FLASHMEMORY,RANDOMACCESSMEMORYRAM,VIRTUALMEMORY,ETCEITHERMEMORY,THEYAREALLLIMITEDINSERVERDUETOTHECOSTANDSPACEAFRAMEWORKTHATUSESLESSMEMORYWOULDHAVEANADVANTAGEOFALLOWINGHIGHERCAPACITYFORTHESERVER34CPUUSAGECENTRALPROCESSINGUNITCPU,ALSOKNOWNASPROCESSOR,ISACOMPONENTINACOMPUTERUSEDTOINTERPRETPROGRAMINSTRUCTIONSANDPROCESSDATAALTHOUGHITISONLYABLETOPROCESSONETASKATATIME,WHENTHEREAREMULTIPLETASKSTOBEDONE,INSTEADOFFINISHINGATASKTHENGOINGTOANOTHER,THECPUISDESIGNEDTOSWITCHTOOTHERTASKSBEFOREFINISHINGONEIFNECESSARY,SOTHATITWOULDACTLIKEIFITISEXECUTINGMULTIPLETASKSATTHESAMETIMEHOWEVER,LARGETASKSMIGHTOCCUPYALOTOFCPUTIME,WHICHDECREASESTHETIMESCHEDULEDFOROTHERTASKSAFRAMEWORKTHATUSESLESSCPUWOULDALLOWTHESERVERTOHAVEMORETIMETOEXECUTEOTHERTASKS35SOURCELINESOFCODETHESOURCELINESOFCODESLOCUSEDINAFRAMEWORKCANINDICATETHETRANSPARENCYANDABSTRACTIONOFTHEFRAMEWORKTHEMAINGOALOFAFRAMEWORKISTOSAVETHEDEVELOPER’STIMEANDEFFORTBYNOTHAVINGTOWRITETHEENTIRECODEFROMSCRATCHTHUSTHELESSLINESOFCODETHATISREQUIREDFORAFRAMEWORK,THEMORETIMEANDEFFORTISSAVEDBYTHISFRAMEWORKHOWEVER,LINESOFCODECANNOTBEEXACTLYACCURATESINCESOMELINESMIGHTBELONGWHILESOMELINESARESHORTSOTHENUMBEROFFILESANDSIZEOFFILESALSOISACONSIDERATION4STATISTICALANALYSISMETHODSAFTERRETRIEVINGTHETESTDATATOCOMPARETHEPERFORMANCES,WENEEDAMETHODTOANALYZETHERESULTSBYSIMPLYCALCULATINGTHEAVERAGERESPONSETIMESANDMAKINGTHEMINTOAGRAPHSISNOTSUFFICIENTFORTHEANALYSISLOOKINGATTHEAVERAGERESPONSETIMES15SECONDSAND16SECONDS,WECANNOTBESUREIFTHATISAGREATDIFFERENCEORNOTTHEREFORE,STATISTICALANALYSISMETHODSAREREQUIREDTOTELLIFTHEDIFFERENCEISSIGNIFICANTORNOTINTHISPROJECT,THEGENERALLINEARMODELGLM9ANDTWOWAYANALYSISOFVARIANCETWOWAYANOVAISUSE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簡介：INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFCOMPUTERAPPLICATIONS0975–8887VOLUME75–NO15,AUGUST201331JAVAWEBDEPLOYMENTINCLOUDCOMPUTINGANKITKUMARSAHUDEPARTMENTOFCOMPUTERSCIENCEENGINEERINGGYANVIHARSCHOOLOFENGINEERINGANDTECHNOLOGY,JAIPUR,RAJASTHAN,INDIAABSTRACTCLOUDCOMPUTINGISAREVOLUTIONARYITFIELDINTODAY’SWORLDSEVERALTECHNOLOGIESLIKEJAVA,PYTHONPROVIDESDEPLOYMENTONCLOUDSUSINGRESPECTIVETOOLSINTHISPAPER,THEWEBDEPLOYMENTINCLOUDCOMPUTINGWITHJAVAANDTHEPERFORMANCEISSUESOFTHEJAVADEPLOYMENTONACLOUDISDISCUSSEDTHEREARESEVERALTOOLSAVAILABLETODEPLOYAJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONONCLOUDS,SOMEOFTHESEAREGOOGLEAPPENGINEBYGOOGLE,WINDOWSAZUREBYMICROSOFT,AMAZONEC2BYAMAZONETCCLOUDCOMPUTINGISPROVIDINGMANYFACILITIESFORDEPLOYMENTBUTISALSOHAVINGPERFORMANCEISSUESWHICHISAMAJORFACTORFORTHEWEBAPPLICATIONSISSUESWITHJAVADEPLOYMENTONCLOUDWOULDTRYTORESOLVETHROUGHTHEFRAMEWORKCUSTOMIZATIONAJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONISDEPLOYEDONGOOGLECLOUDANDEXAMINEDOFITSPERFORMANCE,FURTHERINTHISPAPERGENERALTERMSCLOUDCOMPUTING,GOOGLEAPPENGINE,JAVAWEBDEPLOYMENT1INTRODUCTIONCLOUDCOMPUTINGISASERVICEUSEDOVERANETWORKFORMULTIPURPOSESLIKESOFTWARE,PLATFORM,INFRASTRUCTURESERVICEANDPROVIDESABETTERAWAYFORVIRTUALIZATIONINTHEITFIELD1THEREARESEVERALFIELDSTHATAREAFFECTEDBYTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGLIKEDEPLOYMENTCLOUDCOMPUTINGMAKESTHEITFIELDSENABLEFORBETTERPERFORMANCEUSINGLESSERRESOURCESITINCLUDESDELIVERYOFTHEAPPLICATIONASSERVICESTHROUGHOUTTHEINTERNETANDTHESOFTWARETHATPROVIDESERVICESINTHEDATACENTREANDHARDWAREANDTHEPROTOTYPESHIFTTHEDATACENTRESOFTWAREANDHARDWAREISKNOWNASACLOUD2MANYOFTHECOMPANIESARESHIFTINGTOTHECLOUDSERVICESLIKEGOOGLEAPPENGINEHASBEENSTARTEDBYGOOGLEMICROSOFTSTARTEDWINDOWSAZURE,AMAZONSTARTEDEC2AWEBAPPLICATIONISDEPLOYEDONGOOGLEAPPENGINEASASAMPLEAPPLICATIONTHEREARESEVERALTERMSWHICHAREDISCUSSEDASFOLLOWSWHATACLOUDISACLOUDISAPOOLOFVIRTUALIZEDCOMPUTERRESOURCES3ACLOUDCANMULTITUDEARANGEOFDIFFERENTLOADS,INCLUDINGWEDGESTYLEBACKENDWORKSANDCOLLABORATING,USERFACINGAPPLICATIONSITALLOWSLOADSTOBELOCATEDANDSCALEDOUTRAPIDLYTHROUGHTHEQUICKPROVISIONINGOFVIRTUALMACHINESORSOMATICMACHINESITSUPPORTSCOMPLETED,SELFRECOVERING,EXTREMELYACCESSIBLEPROGRAMMINGPROTOTYPESTHOSEALLOWLOADSTOIMPROVEFROMMANYOBVIOUSHARDWARE/SOFTWAREDISASTERSITOBSERVERSRESOURCEUSEINREALTIMETOENABLEREBALANCINGOFPROVISIONSWHENDESIREDACLOUDISANIMPLICITWORLDAVAILABLEFORAPPLICATIONSDEPLOYMENTWITHOPTIMIZEDCOST,WHEREASCLOUDCOMPUTINGISAREGULARWORDFORANYTHINGTHATINVOLVESDISTRIBUTINGSERVICESOVERTHEINTERNETATITSHUMBLEST,ITISPROVIDINGTHEASSETSANDPROFICIENCIESOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYENTHUSIASTICALLYASASERVICECLOUDCOMPUTINGISASTYLEOFCOMPUTINGINWHICHENTHUSIASTICALLYACCESSIBLEANDOFTENVIRTUALIZEDASSETSAREDELIVEREDASASERVICEOVERTHEINTERNET4ADVANTAGESOFCLOUDCOMPUTING?ITISSWIFT,WITHEASEANDSPEEDOFDEPLOYMENT?ITSCOSTISUSEBASED,ANDWILLLIKELYBEABRIDGED?INHOUSEITCOSTSARECONDENSED?CAPITALINVESTMENTISCHEAP?THELATESTTECHNOLOGYISOFFEREDALWAYS?THEUSEOFSTANDARDTECHNOLOGYISOPTIMISTICANDFACILITATECLOUDSERVICESACLOUDISAPOOLOFSYSTEMS,RESOURCESANDTHEIRCLASSESTHATPROVIDESALLFACILITIESASPERTHEUSEREND’SREQUIREMENTSALLTHERESOURCES,APPLICATIONSAREPARTOFACLOUD5CLOUDCOMPUTINGPROVIDESFOLLOWINGCLASSIFICATIONOFITSSERVICESIAASINFRASTRUCTUREASASERVICEPAASPLATFORMASASERVICESAASSOFTWAREASASERVICE1INFRASTRUCTUREASASERVICETHEIAASISFURTHERCLASSIFIEDINTOICOMPUTATIONASASERVICECAASINTHISKINDOFSERVICE,THEVIRTUALMACHINESERVERSARELENTTHECOSTOFTHEVIRTUALMACHINESERVERSAREBASEDONTHECAPACITYOFTHEMACHINELIKEMEMORYATTRIBUTESOFTHESERVER,ITSOPERATINGSYSTEMANDALLDEPLOYMENTFEATURES6IIDATAASASERVICEDAASINTHISKINDOFSERVICE,STORAGEISPROVIDEDFORALLENDUSERSFORSTORINGDATATHECOSTESTIMATIONOFTHESERVICEISBASEDONTHESCALEOFGIGABYTEGBANDDECIDEDBYTHEPROVIDER7INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFCOMPUTERAPPLICATIONS0975–8887VOLUME75–NO15,AUGUST201333LIKEINGOOGLEAPPENGINE,THEBIGGESTPROBLEMFORDEVELOPERSWILLBEADJUSTINGTOGOOGLE’SNONRELATIONALDATASTORESWHENGOOGLEAPPENGINEWASINTRODUCED,THEREWERENOTSOMANYDATABASEPROJECTSINTHEMARKETFORCLOUDS4OBJECTIVEASPERTHEGIVENPROBLEMFORMULATIONS,THEBASICOBJECTIVEWILLBETODETERMINETHELESSPERFORMANCECAUSESINJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONONCLOUDSFOLLOWINGPHASESWOULDBEUSEFULINPERFORMANCEISSUESCHOOSINGASUITABLEPLATFORMFORJAVAAPPLICATIONLIKEGOOGLEAPPENGINEETCTHECLOUDFRAMEWORKIETHEAPPENGINEWEBAPPFRAMEWORKFORGOOGLEAPPENGINESHOULDBECONFIGUREDASPERTHEREQUIREMENTOFTHEJ2EEAPPLICATION19THEINFRASTRUCTUREOFTHECLOUDSERVICESSHOULDBEMORESPECIFICTOTHEJAVAAPPLICATIONSFOLLOWINGMETHODSCANBEUSEDFORTHEABOVEPROPOSEDOBJECTIVE?THESTRUCTUREOFTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGINTHERESPECTOFDEPLOYMENTSHOULDBEINAGOODMANNERTHEFRAMEWORKUSEDINTHEVIRTUALMACHINESERVERSHOULDBEINDEPENDENTANDOPTIMIZEDSOTHATCOULDBEGOODATPERFORMANCE20?THERESOURCESWHICHISUSEDINTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGSHOULDBESINGLEINDEPENDENTRESOURCEANDSHOULDMENTIONTHEREQUIREDCONFIGURATIONHARDWAREANDSOFTWARE21ANDSHOULDBEPLATFORMINDEPENDENTARELIABLETOUSEATLARGESCALETHESEISSUESWOULDBERESOLVEDBYSEVERALPOSSIBLESOLUTIONSINTHECLOUDSERVICES,TOPERFORMSOMESPECIFICTASK,THEREARESEVERALRESOURCESARRANGEDINAPARTICULARORDER22THECLOUDCOMPUTINGPROVIDESUSCUSTOMIZINGITSRESOURCESACCORDINGTOTHEINDIVIDUALAPPLICATIONANDITSUSE5METHODOLOGYTHEMETHODOLOGYWILLUSEDTOOVERCOMETHISISSUEWOULDBE?OPTIMIZATIONINFRAMEWORKASPERTHEGOOGLEAPPENGINE,THECLOUDCOMPUTINGHASITSDEPENDENCYONTHEFRAMEWORKOFTHEWEBAPPLICATIONSOTHEVERYFIRSTAPPROACHWOULDBEFOLLOWEDTHEOPTIMIZATIONOFTHEFRAMEWORKOFTHEAPPLICATIONINACLOUDTHEONLYFRAMEWORK,WHICHHASBEENCUSTOMIZEDFORTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGISSPRINGFRAMEWORKYETNOW23WHILEUSINGSPRINGFRAMEWORKINCLOUDDEPLOYMENT,IFTHEAPPLICATIONTAKESALONGERTIMETOLOAD,WOULDBETHROWNASDEADLINEEXCEEDEDEXCEPTIONANDTHECONTROLWILLBESHIFTEDTOTHEFRAMEWORKANDNOWFRAMEWORKWOULDTAKETHERESPECTIVEDECISIONS24FORABETTERCLOUDDEPLOYMENT,THEENTIREFRAMEWORKSHOULDBEOPTIMIZED?REDUCINGORAVOIDINGTHEUSEOFMODULESCANNINGINGOOGLEAPPENGINE,THESPRINGFRAMEWORKPROCESSASETOFOBSERVATIONASASIGNALFLAGTOANYOTHEROBJECTINITSEXECUTIONSOMETIMESTHEREQUESTEDRESOURCECANNOTBEAVAILEDDUETOTHERESOURCESHARING,THISALSORESTRICTSTHEAPPLICATIONSPEEDINITSPERFORMANCETHECOMPONENTSCANNINGISALSORESPONSIBLEFORMAKINGTHEAPPLICATIONWITHLESSERPERFORMANCEANDLESSEREFFICIENTDUETOITSTIMETAKINGPROCESSTOAVOIDTHISPROBLEM,THECOMPONENTSCANNINGWOULDBEAVOIDEDINTHEMANDATORYCASEOFUSINGCOMPONENTSCANNING,ITWOULDBEREDUCED25THISMETHODOLOGYWOULDWORKWITHJAVAWEBAPPLICATIONSTHATAREIMPLEMENTEDINSPRINGFRAMEWORK6CONCLUSIONACCORDINGTOTHERESULTS,THEPERFORMANCEISSUECANBEEASILYHANDLEDBYFILTERINGTHEWEBAPPLICATIONINDIVIDUALLYANDTHEFRAMEWORKCUSTOMIZATIONTHISISSUEHASBEENAMAJORISSUEFORTHECLOUDUSERSWHICHWOULDBEHANDLEDBYTHESUGGESTEDIDEATHISWOULDDECREASETHEHIGHLATENCYDELAYFORTHEAPPLICATIONPERFORMANCEANDTHEAPPLICATIONWOULDNOTTAKELONGERTIMETORUNONTHECLOUDSERVER7ACKNOWLEDGMENTSOURTHANKSTOTHEPARENTSWHOMOTIVATEDUSANDMRSANDEEPBHARGAVDEPARTMENTOFCOMPUTERSCIENCE,GYANVIHARSCHOOLOFENGGANDTECHWHOHAVECONTRIBUTEDTOWARDSDEVELOPMENTOFTHISISSUE8REFERENCES1THEBASICSOFCLOUDCOMPUTINGBYALEXAHUTHANDJAMESCEBULA2INTRODUCTIONTOTHECLOUDCOMPUTINGBYDIALOGICCOM3GJUVE,EDEELMAN,KVAHI,ANDGMEHTA,“SCIENTIFICWORKFLOWAPPLICATIONSONAMAZONEC2,”WORKSHOPONCLOUDBASEDSERVICESANDAPPLICATIONSINCONJUNCTIONWITH5THIEEEINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONESCIENCEESCIENCE2009,20094USINGGOOGLEAPPENGINEO’REILLYGOOGLEPRESSBYCHARLESSEVERANCE5XASASERVICECLOUDCOMPUTINGWITHGOOGLEAPPENGINE,AMAZONWEBSERVICES,MICROSOFTAZUREANDFORCECOMBYRABIPRASADPADHY,MANASRANJANPATRAANDSURESHCHANDRASATAPATHY6IDENTIFYINGKEYCHALLENGESINPERFORMANCEISSUESINCLOUDCOMPUTINGBYASHRAFZIA7CLOUDCOMPUTINGSECURITYISSUESBYRANDYMARCHANY8THECOSTOFACLOUDRESEARCHPROBLEMSINDATACENTERNETWORKSBYALBERTGREENBERG,JAMESHAMILTON,DAVIDAMALTZ,PARVEENPATEL9CLOUDCOMPUTINGSECURITYANDRELIABILITYISSUESBYFARHADAHAMED,SEYEDSHAHRESTANIANDATHULAGINIGE10ANOVELAPPROACHFORHANDLINGSECURITYINCLOUDCOMPUTINGSERVICESBYSAHARMOHAMMADABDULJALIL,OSMANHEGAZYANDEHABEHASSANEIN11SAPCLOUDCOMPUTINGBYJOSEPHYERUVA,MPHASIS12CLOUDCOMPUTINGINTHEPUBLICSECTORBYRUSSELLCRAIG,JEFFFRAZIER,NORMJACKNIS,SEANANMURPHY,CAROLYNPURCELL,PATRICKSPENCER,JDSTANLEY13MOVINGFROMLEGACYSYSTEMSTOCLOUDCOMPUTINGATATACOMMUNICATIONWHITEPAPER14GTSIGROUP,“CLOUDCOMPUTINGBUILDINGAFRAMEWORKFORSUCCESSFULTRANSITION,”WHITEPAPER,GTSICORPORATION,200915RAJNISHCHOUBEY,RAJSHREEDUBEYANDJOYBHATTACHARJEE,“ASURVEYONCLOUDCOMPUTINGSECURITY,CHALLENGESANDTHREATS”,INTERNATIONALJOURNALON

簡介：4300英文單詞，英文單詞，26500英文字符，中文英文字符，中文7700字文獻(xiàn)出處文獻(xiàn)出處KEDIABL,REDDYRKLANGUAGEANDCROSSBORDERACQUISITIONSANEXPLORATORYSTUDYJINTERNATIONALBUSINESSREVIEW,2016,25613211332LANGUAGEANDCROSSBORDERACQUISITIONSANEXPLORATORYSTUDYBENLKEDIA,RAMAKRISHNAREDDYABSTRACTTHEAIMOFTHISSTUDYISTOEXAMINETHEEFFECTSOFLANGUAGEONPOSTACQUISITIONPERFORMANCEOFUSBASEDCROSSBORDERACQUISITIONSINTHISSTUDYWEATTEMPTTOSHOWTHATPOSTACQUISITIONPERFORMANCEISEXPLAINEDBYTHELINGUISTICDISTANCEBETWEENTHEACQUIRERANDTARGETCOUNTRYOFTHEACQUISITIONINADDITION,THISSTUDYEXPLAINSTHEMODERATINGROLEOFACQUISITIONEXPERIENCEINTHELINGUISTICDISTANCEACQUISITIONPERFORMANCERELATIONSHIPANANALYSISOF1120USACQUISITIONSIN33TARGETCOUNTRIESOVERAPERIODOF6YEARS2007TO2012DEMONSTRATESTHATLINGUISTICDISTANCEHASEXPLANATORYVALUEINPOSTACQUISITIONPERFORMANCEOURANALYSISALSODEMONSTRATESTHATTHEACQUIRER’SCROSSBORDERACQUISITIONEXPERIENCEPLAYSASIGNIFICANTROLEASAMODERATOROFTHISLINGUISTICDISTANCEACQUISITIONPERFORMANCERELATIONSHIPINADDITION,OURANALYSISOFLINGUAFRANCAPROFICIENCYALSOLENDSSUPPORTTOOURHYPOTHESIZEDRELATIONSHIPSANDDEMONSTRATESTHEROBUSTNESSOFOURFINDINGSKEYWORDSLANGUAGELINGUISTICDISTANCEMERGERSACQUISITIONPERFORMANCE1INTRODUCTIONCROSSBORDERACQUISITIONSAREADOMINANTMODEOFFOREIGNEXPANSION,INCREASINGINOVERALLVALUEFROM99BILLIONIN1990TO555BILLIONIN2011UNCTAD,2012DESPITEASSUMPTIONSTHATACQUISITIONSRESULTINHIGHERFINANCIALPERFORMANCEANDCREATEFIRMVALUEBARNEY,1988DATTA,1991ZOLLOKING,DALTON,DAILY,LARSSONHITTETAL,2001,UNSKILLEDEXECUTIONOFTHEACQUISITIONPROCESSITSELFSCHULERLARSSONJEMISONCARTWRIGHTCHATTERJEE,LUBATKIN,SCHWEIGER,DATTA,1991MOROSINISTAHLCHAKRABARTI,MUKHARJEE,FRENKEL,2008HARZINGHENDERSON,2005RESEARCHHASSHOWNTHATDIFFERENCESINSOCIALIDENTITY,SOCIALCATEGORIZATION,POWERDISPARITYANDCULTURALDIFFERENCESBREEDSDYSFUNCTIONANDFREQUENTLYBREAKSTEAMSINTOSUBGROUPSDEFINEDBYAN‘USVSTHEM’MENTALITYCRAMTONPOLZER,CRISP,JARVENPAA,HENDERSON,2005TRUSTISESSENTIALFORCOOPERATIVEBEHAVIORAMONGINDIVIDUALSANDTEAMSMAYER,DAVIS,MCALLISTER,1995ANDTHELACKOFTRUSTAMONGTEAMSORGROUPSSEVERELYUNDERMINESCOOPERATIONMCALLISTER1995SUGGESTEDTHATINCREASEDINTERACTIONENHANCESTRUSTANDCOOPERATIONAMONGTEAMSTOIMPROVECOMMUNICATIONSANDINTERACTIONSTHEMAJORITYOFMULTINATIONALSMANDATEENGLISHASTHELINGUAFRANCAORTHECOMMONLANGUAGEOFBUSINESSBONOVEY,2005HOWEVER,EVIDENCESUGGESTSTHATEVENWHENTHEREISCORPORATEMANDATEDLINGUAFRANCA,NONNATIVESPEAKERSTENDTODISTRUSTNATIVESPEAKERS,SUSPECTINGTHATTHEYWOULDDECEIVETHEMUSINGTHEIRSUPERIORLANGUAGESKILLSNEELEY,2013IN

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