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簡(jiǎn)介：南昌大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）附件附件譯文C1附件譯文建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的先進(jìn)分析建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的先進(jìn)分析作者陳威發(fā)（夏威夷大學(xué)土木工程系，美國(guó)夏威夷96822）摘要對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)者，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑2005LRFD規(guī)范使得在彈性和塑性范圍內(nèi)之行為與最高負(fù)荷極限狀態(tài)下認(rèn)明確的結(jié)構(gòu)抵抗成為可能。有一種提高實(shí)際次級(jí)分析的方法,來(lái)直接測(cè)定整體結(jié)構(gòu)的系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)。本文嘗試用一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的、簡(jiǎn)潔的、合理的綜合理解來(lái)介紹一些理論和實(shí)踐方法，這些方法已經(jīng)在傳統(tǒng)的、現(xiàn)代的工藝設(shè)計(jì)的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)中應(yīng)用。關(guān)鍵詞先進(jìn)的分析、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑設(shè)計(jì)、介紹1導(dǎo)論結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的目的是為了產(chǎn)生一種物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)能夠承受的環(huán)境條件。整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,從裝載的基礎(chǔ)上到尺寸都存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用,但基本上最終的設(shè)計(jì)是結(jié)構(gòu)材料的性能和結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的幾何缺陷的一個(gè)反應(yīng),特別是在構(gòu)件生產(chǎn)和加工中誘發(fā)的其力學(xué)性能及殘余應(yīng)力,它定義了材料與構(gòu)件在環(huán)境動(dòng)力下的特征響應(yīng)。目前,在工程設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐中,有一個(gè)基本兩個(gè)階段過(guò)程的設(shè)計(jì)操作。首先,結(jié)構(gòu)的每個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件上作用的力必須要計(jì)算出來(lái)；其次，那些有力作用在上面的每一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的承載力必須要確定。第一階段包括分析作用在這些結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件上的力和彎矩的分布；第二階段,包括對(duì)這些構(gòu)件的承載能力的認(rèn)識(shí)，來(lái)抵抗作用在它們上邊的力和彎矩。越全面的理解這些知識(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)就會(huì)更加精確，結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)更加可靠。因?yàn)闃?gòu)件的承載能力取決于作用在構(gòu)件上的荷載類(lèi)型、幾何缺陷、性質(zhì)、材料和殘余應(yīng)力的性能，對(duì)構(gòu)件的承載能力的理解,大多數(shù)是根據(jù)以軸向受力構(gòu)件的端柱的強(qiáng)度曲線,受彎構(gòu)件簡(jiǎn)支梁彎曲強(qiáng)度曲線,構(gòu)件受到軸力和彎矩相互作用下的梁柱影響曲線的形式的滿載實(shí)驗(yàn)決定的。這些構(gòu)件的強(qiáng)度曲線正式的被編成構(gòu)件強(qiáng)度曲線或者方程用于實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)。將框架結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件分成三種類(lèi)型,即柱、梁和梁柱。它們各自的強(qiáng)度,通過(guò)理想節(jié)點(diǎn)或邊界條件下的滿載實(shí)驗(yàn)確定,下一階段必須徹底簡(jiǎn)化在應(yīng)力下的材料特性,以這樣的方式來(lái)很容易的協(xié)助工程師分析應(yīng)力分布,以估量框架結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件。實(shí)際上工程師主要基于材料線性彈性條件下的簡(jiǎn)單模型設(shè)計(jì)的，因?yàn)槟切┰缙诘脑O(shè)計(jì)基于容許應(yīng)力法。指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)定成績(jī)五級(jí)制指導(dǎo)教師簽字南昌大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）附件附件譯文C3第二,也許是最嚴(yán)重的限制,可能是當(dāng)前兩階段階段設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程的基本原理彈性分析是用于確定一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)體系的每個(gè)構(gòu)件上作用的荷載的分布,而構(gòu)件的極限強(qiáng)度曲線被開(kāi)用于設(shè)計(jì)是基于滿布荷載或非彈性分析且每個(gè)構(gòu)件被看成單獨(dú)的組件3，2。沒(méi)有驗(yàn)證框架一部分的獨(dú)立的構(gòu)件與構(gòu)件之間的兼容性。個(gè)別構(gòu)件的強(qiáng)度方程中規(guī)定的規(guī)格不關(guān)心系統(tǒng)的兼容。因此,尚無(wú)明確的保證，所有構(gòu)件將維持他們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)荷載作用下的幾何形態(tài)。有效長(zhǎng)度的計(jì)算方法的另一個(gè)局限,包括用電腦計(jì)算系數(shù)K有困難,沒(méi)有好的電腦設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)并且沒(méi)有方法預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)框架構(gòu)件的實(shí)際強(qiáng)度。為了達(dá)到這一目的,人們?cè)絹?lái)越趨向需要實(shí)際的設(shè)計(jì)/分析方法,該設(shè)計(jì)方法能夠說(shuō)明體系和構(gòu)件之間的兼容性。通過(guò)迅速發(fā)展的計(jì)算能力、有效性的臺(tái)式電腦和有用的軟件,一種替代的方法來(lái)進(jìn)行直接的結(jié)構(gòu)體系的設(shè)計(jì)而不使用系數(shù)K的發(fā)展變得更有吸引力,也具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。3縮放因子下的二階彈結(jié)構(gòu)分析采用彈性結(jié)構(gòu)分析和縮放因子的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)可分為兩個(gè)階段。在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中使用縮放因子的最簡(jiǎn)單的第一階段的發(fā)展是使用放大因子的一階彈性分析包括通常由規(guī)范的來(lái)的二次效應(yīng)4。這是描述在前面的章節(jié)。從邏輯上講,下一階段的進(jìn)展是一個(gè)直接的二階彈性分析而不使用有二階影響的放大系數(shù)4。這兩種方法都是基于首先形成定義為第一失敗的系統(tǒng)的塑性鉸見(jiàn)圖2。如前所述,有效長(zhǎng)度系數(shù)通常會(huì)屈服好設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于框架結(jié)構(gòu),但它確實(shí)有以下的弊端

簡(jiǎn)介：THECOSTOFBUILDINGSTRUCTURE1INTRODUCTIONTHEARTOFARCHITECTURALDESIGNWASCHARACTERIZEDASONEOFDEALINGCOMPREHENSIVELYWITHACOMPLEXSETOFPHYSICALANDNONPHYSICALDESIGNDETERMINANTSSTRUCTURALCONSIDERATIONSWERECASTASIMPORTANTPHYSICALDETERMINANTSTHATSHOULDBEDEALTWITHINAHIERARCHICALFASHIONIFTHEYARETOHAVEASIGNIFICANTIMPACTONSPATIALORGANIZATIONANDENVIRONMENTALCONTROLDESIGNTHINKINGTHEECONOMICALASPECTOFBUILDINGREPRESENTSANONPHYSICALSTRUCTURALCONSIDERATIONTHAT,INFINALANALYSIS,MUSTALSOBECONSIDEREDIMPORTANTCOSTCONSIDERATIONSAREINCERTAINWAYSACONSTRAINTTOCREATIVEDESIGNBUTTHISNEEDNOTBESOIFSOMETHINGISKNOWNOFTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENSTRUCTURALANDCONSTRUCTIVEDESIGNOPTIONSANDTHEIRCOSTOFIMPLEMENTATION,ITISREASONABLETOBELIEVETHATCREATIVITYCANBEENHANCEDTHISHASBEENCONFIRMEDBYTHEAUTHORS’OBSERVATIONTHATMOSTENHANCEDTHISHASBEENCONFIRMEDBYTHEAUTHORS’OBSERVATIONTHATMOSTCREATIVEDESIGNINNOVATIONSSUCCEEDUNDERCOMPETITIVEBIDDINGANDNOTBECAUSEOFUNUSUALOWNERAFFLUENCEASTHEFEWPUBLICIZEDCASESOFEXTRAVAGANCEMIGHTLEADONETOBELIEVEONECOULDEVENSAYTHATADESIGNERWHOISTRULYCREATIVEWILLPRODUCEARCHITECTURALEXCELLENCEWITHINTHECONSTRAINTSOFECONOMYESPECIALLYTODAY,WEFINDTHATTHEREISANEEDTORECOGNIZETHATELEGANCEANDECONOMYCANBECOMESYNONYMOUSCONCEPTSTHEREFORE,INTHISCHAPTERWEWILLSETFORTHABRIEFEXPLANATIONOFTHEPARAMETERSOFCOSTANALYSISANDTHEMEANSBYWHICHDESIGNERSMAYEVALUATETHEOVERALLECONOMICIMPLICATIONSOFTHEIRSTRUCTURALANDARCHITECTURALDESIGNTHINKINGTHECOSTOFSTRUCTUREALONECANBEMEASUREDRELATIVETOTHETOTALCOSTOFBUILDINGCONSTRUCTIONOR,SINCETHETOTALCONSTRUCTIONCOSTISBUTAPARTOFATOTALPROJECTCOST,ONECOULDINCLUDEADDITIONALCONSIDERATIONFORLAND10～20PERCENT,FINANCEANDINTEREST100～200PERCENT,TAXESANDMAINTENANCECOSTSONTHEORDEROF20PERCENTBUTADISCUSSIONOFTHESESOCALLEDARCHITECTURALCOSTSISBEYONDTHESCOPEOFTHISBOOK,ANDWEWILLFOCUSONTHECOSTOFCONSTRUCTIONONLYONTHEAVERAGE,PURELYSTRUCTURALCOSTSACCOUNTFORABOUT25PERCENTOFTOTALCONSTRUCTIONCOSTS,THISISSOBECAUSEITHASBEENTRADITIONALTODISCRIMINATEBETWEENPERHAPSKEEPINMINDHOWTHEACTUALCOSTOFASTRUCTUREISFINALLYPRICEDANDMADEUPTHUS,THEPERCENTAVERAGESSTATEDABOVEAREOBVIOUSLYCRUDE,BUTTHEYCANSUFFICETOINTRODUCETHENATUREOFTHECOSTPICTURETHEFOLLOWINGSECTIONSWILLDISCUSSTHERANGEOFTHESEAVERAGESANDTHENPROCEEDTOADISCUSSIONOFSQUAREFOOTAGECOSTSANDVOLUMEBASEDESTIMATESFORUSEINROUGHAPPROXIMATIONOFTHECOSTOFBUILDINGASTRUCTURALSYSTEM2PERCENTAGEESTIMATESTHETYPEOFBUILDINGPROJECTMAYINDICATETHERANGEOFPERCENTAGESTHATCANBEALLOCATEDTOSTRUCTURALANDOTHERCOSTSASMIGHTBEEXPECTED,HIGHLYDECORATIVEORSYMBOLICBUILDINGSWOULDNORMALLYDEMANDTHELOWESTPERCENTAGEOFSTRUCTURALCOSTSASCOMPAREDTOTOTALCONSTRUCTIONCOSTINTHISCASETHESTRUCTURALCOSTSMIGHTDROPTO10～15PERCENTOFTHETOTALBUILDINGCOSTBECAUSEMOREMONEYISALLOCATEDTOTHESOCALLEDARCHITECTURALCOSTSONCEAGAINTHISIMPLIESTHATTHESYMBOLICCOMPONENTSARECONCEIVEDINDEPENDENTOFBASICSTRUCTURALREQUIREMENTSHOWEVER,WHERESTRUCTUREANDSYMBOLISMAREMOREORLESSSYNTHESIZED,ASWITHACHURCHORCATHEDRAL,THESTRUCTURALSYSTEMCOSTCANBEEXPECTEDTOBESOMEWHATHIGHER,SAY,15AND20PERCENTORMOREATTHEOTHERENDOFTHECOSTSCALEARETHEVERYSIMPLEANDNONSYMBOLICINDUSTRIALBUILDINGS,SUCHASWAREHOUSESANDGARAGESINTHESECASES,THENONSTRUCTURALSYSTEMS,SUCHASINTERIORPARTITIONWALLSANDCEILINGS,ASWILLASMECHANICALSYSTEMS,ARENORMALLYMINIMAL,ASISDECORATION,ANDTHEREFORETHESTRUCTURALCOSTSCANACCOUNTFOR60TO70PERCENT,EVEN80PERCENTOFTHETOTALCOSTOFCONSTRUCTIONBUILDINGSSUCHASMEDIUMRISEOFFICEANDAPARTMENTBUILDINGS5～10STORIESOCCUPYTHEMEDIANPOSITIONONACOSTSCALEATABOUT25PERCENTFORSTRUCTURELOWANDSHORTSPANBUILDINGSFORCOMMERCEANDHOUSING,SAY,OFTHREEORFOURSTORIESANDWITHSPANSOFSOME20OR30FTANDSIMPLEERECTIONREQUIREMENTS,WILLYIELDSTRUCTURALCOSTSOF15～20PERCENTOFTOTALBUILDINGCOSTSPECIALPERFORMANCEBUILDINGS,SUCHASLABORATORIESANDHOSPITALS,REPRESENTANOTHERCATEGORYTHEYCANREQUIRELONGSPANSANDAMORETHANAVERAGEPORTIONOFTHETOTALCOSTSWILLBEALLOCATEDTOSERVICESIE,30～50PERCENT,WITHABOUT20PERCENTGOINGFORTHEPURELYSTRUCTURALCOSTSTALLOFFICEBUILDING15STORIESORMOREAND/ORLONGSPAN

簡(jiǎn)介：畢業(yè)論文英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯學(xué)生姓名學(xué)生姓名姜海然姜海然系別應(yīng)用化學(xué)系應(yīng)用化學(xué)系專(zhuān)業(yè)化學(xué)化學(xué)年級(jí)20112011級(jí)專(zhuān)接本級(jí)專(zhuān)接本學(xué)號(hào)201120607111201120607111指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師王建芬王建芬衡水學(xué)院教務(wù)處印制衡水學(xué)院教務(wù)處印制第2頁(yè)FROMACONSISTENTLYANDRAPIDLYEXPANDINGDISCIPLINELEDERMAN,1992THEREISNOCONSENSUSAMONGSCIENCEEDUCATORSCONCERNINGTHESPECIFICCONTENTTOBEINCLUDEDINCONTEMPORARYSCIENCECOURSESOREVENTHEMETHODSANDSTRATEGIESOFINSTRUCTIONTOBEUSEDHOWEVER,THEREAPPEARSTOBESTRONGAGREEMENTONATLEASTONEOFTHEOBJECTIVESOFSCIENCEINSTRUCTIONTHEDEVELOPMENTOFAN“ADEQUATEUNDERSTANDINGOFTHENATUREOFSCIENCE”O(jiān)RANUNDERSTANDINGOF“SCIENCEASAWAYOFKNOWING”CONTINUESTOBECONVINCINGLYADVOCATEDASADESIREDOUTCOMEOFSCIENCEINSTRUCTIONAMERICANASSOCIATIONFORTHEADVANCEMENTOFSCIENCEAAAS,1989,LEDERMAN,1992ALTHOUGHTHE“NATUREOFSCIENCE”HASBEENDEFINEDINNUMEROUSWAYS,ITMOSTCOMMONLYREFERSTOTHEVALUESANDASSUMPTIONSINHERENTTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSCIENTIFICKNOWLEDGELEDERMANZEIDLER,1987THISCHARACTERIZATIONNEVERTHELESSREMAINFAIRLYGENERAL,ANDPHILOSOPHERSOFSCIENCE,HISTORIANSOFSCIENCE,SOCIOLOGISTSOFSCIENCE,ANDSCIENCEEDUCATORSAREQUICKTODISAGREEONASPECIFICDEFINITIONFORTHENATUREOFSCIENCENOSSUCHDISAGREEMENT,HOWEVER,SHOULDNOTBESURPRISINGGIVENTHEMULTIFACETEDANDCOMPLEXNATUREOFTHEHUMANENDEAVORWECALLSCIENCEMOREOVER,SIMILARTOSCIENTIFICKNOWLEDGE,CONCEPTIONSOFNOSARETENTATIVEANDDYNAMICTHESECONCEPTIONSHAVECHANGEDTHROUGHOUTTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSCIENCEANDSYSTEMATICTHINKINGABOUTITSNATUREANDWORKINGSDIDTOOABDELKHALICKLEDERMAN,1998HOWEVER,ATTHEEND,THEREISANAGREEMENTEVENTHROUGHNOTCOMPLETEABOUTNATUREOFSCIENCEAMONGSCIENCEEDUCATORSTHATSCIENTIFICKNOWLEDGEISTENTATIVESUBJECTTOCHANGE,EMPIRICALLYBASEDBASEDONAND/ORDERIVEDFROMOBSERVATIONSOFTHENATURALWORLD,SUBJECTIVETHEORYLADEN,PARTLYTHEPRODUCTOFHUMANINFERENCE,IMAGINATION,ANDCREATIVITYINVOLVESTHEINVENTIONOFEXPLANATION,ANDSOCIALLYANDCULTURALLYEMBEDDEDALSOTWOADDITIONALIMPORTANTASPECTSARETHEDISTINCTIONBETWEENOBSERVATIONSANDINFERENCES,ANDTHEFUNCTIONSOFANDRELATIONSHIPSBETWEENSCIENTIFICTHEORIESANDLAWSLEDERMAN,ABDELKHALICK,AKERSON,2000

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襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁蚄羃莄芇蚃肆膆薅蚃螅莂蒁螞袈膅莇螁羀莀芃螀肂膃薂蝿螂羆薈螈羄芁蒄螇肆肄莀螇螆芀芆螆袈肂薄螅羈羋蒀襖肅肁莆袃螃芆節(jié)袂裊聿蟻袂肇蒞薇袁膀膇蒃袀衿莃荿蒆羂膆芅蒅肄莁薃薅螄膄葿薄袆荿蒞薃羈膂莁薂膀羅蝕薁袀芀薆薀羂肅蒂蕿肅艿莈蕿螄肂芄蚈袇芇薃蚇罿肀葿蚆肁芅蒅蚅袁肈莁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簡(jiǎn)介：字?jǐn)?shù)英文字?jǐn)?shù)英文21542154單詞，單詞，1243312433字符；中文字符；中文38493849漢字漢字出處出處KOOROSHKOOROSHG,RHEAG,RHEACFIBERCFIBERREINFORCEDREINFORCEDCONCRETECONCRETEFRCFRCFORFORHIGHHIGHRISERISECONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTIONCASECASESTUDIESJIOPSTUDIESJIOPCONFERENCECONFERENCESERIESSERIESMATERIALSMATERIALSSCIENCESCIENCEANDANDENGINEERING,2017,2721012034ENGINEERING,2017,2721012034外文文獻(xiàn)外文文獻(xiàn)FIBERREINFORCEDCONCRETEFRCFORHIGHRISECONSTRUCTIONCASESTUDIESABSTRACTDUETOITSMATERIALELEMENT,FIBERREINFORCEDCONCRETEFRCCOULDBESTRONGERTHANTRADITIONALCONCRETETHISISDUETOFRCINTERNALMATERIALCOMPOUNDSANDELEMENTSFURTHERMORE,FRCCANALSOSIGNIFICANTLYIMPROVEFLEXURALSTRENGTHWHENCOMPAREDTOTRADITIONALCONCRETETHISIMPROVEMENTINFLEXURALSTRENGTHCANBEVARIEDDEPENDINGONTHEACTUALFIBERSUSEDALTHOUGHNOTNEW,FRCISGRADUALLYGAININGPOPULARITYINTHECONSTRUCTIONINDUSTRY,INPARTICULARFORHIGHRISESTRUCTURESTHISISDUETOITSFLEXURALSTRENGTH,ESPECIALLYFORHIGHSEISMICZONES,ASITWILLPROVIDEABETTERSOLUTIONTHENREINFORCEDCONCRETETHEMAINAIMOFTHISPAPERISTOINVESTIGATETHESTRUCTURALIMPORTANCEOFFRCFORTHEHIGHRISECONSTRUCTIONALTHOUGHTHEREHASBEENNUMEROUSSTUDIESANDLITERATUREINJUSTIFYINGTHEFRCFORGENERALCONSTRUCTIONTHISPAPERWILLCONSIDERITSUSESPECIFICALLYFORHIGHRISECONSTRUCTIONMOREOVER,THISPAPERWILLCLOSELYINVESTIGATEEIGHTCASESTUDIESFROMAUSTRALIANANDUNITEDSTATESASAPARTOFTHEFRCVALIDATIONFORHIGHRISECONSTRUCTIONINDOINGSO,THISPAPERWILLEXAMINETHEIRSTRUCTURALHEALTHMONITORINGSHMTODETERMINETHEIROVERALLSTRUCTURALPERFORMANCE1INTRODUCTIONFRCISANEXAMPLEOFSUCHINNOVATIVEMATERIALENGINEERINGALTHOUGHTHISMATERIALHASBEENUSEDINGENERALCONSTRUCTIONFORSOMETIME,ITSUSEFORHIGHRISECONSTRUCTIONISGRADUALLYINCREASINGINTHEPAST,THEREASONFORTHERELUCTANTUSEOFFRCFORHIGHRISECONSTRUCTIONWASDUETOINDUSTRYSLACKOFTRUSTWITHITSFUNCTIONALITYASPERNORM,MATERIALFUNCTIONALITYISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTFACTORTOCONSIDERWHENASELECTIONISBEINGCARRIEDOUTONEOFTHEMOSTSIGNIFICANTFACETSOFMATERIALFUNCTIONALITYISITSABILITYTOFITTHEPURPOSEWHICHITISREQUIREDTODOASPERTRADITIONALREINFORCEDCONCRETERC,SUCHMATERIALSAREUTILIZEDASLOADBEARINGCOMPONENTSOFTHESTRUCTURESWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEFRC,ITISBELIEVEDTHATTHISMATERIALCANNOTMATCHTHEFUNCTIONALITYOFTHERCHOWEVER,MANYSTUDIESHAVEBEENCONDUCTEDTOSUPPORTTHEOPPOSITETOTHISVIEWFURTHERMORE,WHERELOWLOADBEARINGMATERIALSAREREQUIRED,FRCCANEASILYBEEMPLOYEDTHEINTRIGUINGASPECTOFFRCISTHEACTUALTYPEOFFIBERWHICHISBEINGUSEDASTHEREAREMANYFIBERSTOSELECTFROM,SUCHASPOLYMER,STEEL,GLASSANDEVENNATURALFIBERSVEGETABLEORIGINFIGURES2AAND2BBELOWILLUSTRATESTEELANDGLASSFIBERSFIGURE2ASTEELFIBERFIGURE2BGLASSFIBERMOREOVER,ANOTHERIMPORTANTASPECTOFFRCISITSCOMPOSITIONPROGRESSION,INCLUDINGTHEINTERFACEANDBONDINGPROCESSES,BOTHOFWHICHAREDISCUSSEDFURTHERINTHEFOLLOWINGSECTION

簡(jiǎn)介：本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文文獻(xiàn)、資料題目BUILDINGCONSTRUCTIONCONCRETECRACKOFPREVENTIONANDPROCESSING文獻(xiàn)、資料來(lái)源期刊文獻(xiàn)、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期20091112院（部）土木工程學(xué)院專(zhuān)業(yè)土木工程2ACCEPTABLEINCERTAINLYOFTHESCOPEJUSTNEEDTOADOPTVALIDOFMEASUREWILLITENDANGERDEGREECONTROLATCERTAINOFSCOPEINSIDETHEREINFORCEDCONCRETENORMISALSOEXPLICITPROVISIONSOMESTRUCTUREATPLACEOFDISSIMILARITYUNDERTHECONDITIONALLOWEXISTENCECERTAINTHECRACKOFWIDTHBUTATUNDERCONSTRUCTIONSHOULDASFARASPOSSIBLEADOPTAVALIDMEASURECONTROLCRACKCREATION,MAKETHESTRUCTUREDONTAPPEARCRACKPOSSIBLYORASFARASPOSSIBLEDECREASECRACKOFAMOUNTANDWIDTH,PARTICULARLYWANTTOASFARASPOSSIBLEAVOIDHARMFULCRACKOFEMERGENCE,INSUREENGINEERINGQUALITYTHUSCONCRETECRACKCREATIONOFTHEREASONBEALOTOFANDHAVEALREADYTRANSFORMEDTOCAUSEOFCRACKSUCHASTEMPERATUREVARIETY,CONSTRINGENCY,INFLATION,THEASYMMETRYSINKTOSINKETCREASONCAUSEOFCRACKHAVEOUTSIDECARRYTHECRACKTHATTHEFUNCTIONCAUSEPROTECTEDENVIRONMENTNOTAPPROPRIATETHECRACKETCCAUSEDWITHCHEMICALEFFECTWANTDIFFERENTIATIONTOTREATINTHEACTUALENGINEERING,WORK°OUTAPROBLEMACCORDINGTOTHEACTUALCIRCUMSTANCEINTHECONCRETEENGINEERINGTHEFAMILIARCRACKANDTHEPREVENTION1STEMSUOCRACKANDPREVENTIONSTEMTHESUOCRACKMUCHAPPEARAFTERTHECONCRETEPROTECTBEOVEROFAPERIODOFTIMEORCONCRETESPRINKLETOBUILDTOCOMPLETEBEHINDOFAROUNDAWEEKINTHECEMENTSYRUPHUMIDITYOFEVAPORATEWOULDCREATIONSTEMSUO,ANDTHISKINDOFCONSTRINGENCYISCANTNEGATIVESTEMSUOCRACKOFTHECREATIONBEMAINISBECAUSEOFCONCRETEINSIDEOUTSIDEHUMIDITYEVAPORATEDEGREEDISSIMILARITYBUTCAUSETOTRANSFORMDISSIMILARITYOFRESULTTHECONCRETEISSUBJECTEDTOEXTERIORCONDITIONOFINFLUENCE,SURFACEHUMIDITYLOSSLEADQUICK,TRANSFORMBIGGER,INNERPARTDEGREEOFHUMIDITYVARIETYSMALLERTRANSFORMSMALLER,BIGGERSURFACESTEMTHESUOTRANSFORMTOBESUBJECTEDTOCONCRETEINNERPARTCONTROL,CREATIONMOREBIGPULLSHOULDDINTBUTCREATIONCRACKTHERELATIVEHUMIDITYISMORELOW,CEMENTSYRUPBODYSTEMSUOMOREBIG,STEMTHESUOCRACKBEMOREEASYCREATIONSTEMTHESUOCRACKISMUCHSURFACEPARALLELLINESFORMORTHENETSHALLOWTHINCRACK,WIDTHMANYBETWEEN00502MM,THEFLATSURFACEPARTMUCHSEEINTHEBIGPHYSICALVOLUMECONCRETEANDFOLLOWITMOREINTHINNERBEAMPLANKSHORTTODISTRIBUTESTEMSUOCRACKUSUALLYTHEANTISHENOFINFLUENCECONCRETE,CAUSETHEDURABLEOFTHERUSTECLIPSEINFLUENCECONCRETEOFREINFORCINGBAR,UNDERTHEFUNCTIONOFTHEWATERPRESSUREDINTWOULDCREATIONTHEWATERPOWERSPLITCRACKINFLUENCECONCRETEOFLOADINGDINTETCCONCRETESTEMTHESUOBEMAINWITHWATERASHOFTHECONCRETERATIO,THEDOSAGEOFTHECOMPOSITION,CEMENTOFCEMENT,GATHERTOANTICIPATEOFTHE

簡(jiǎn)介：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告題目土木與建筑系館設(shè)計(jì)方案四學(xué)生姓名XXX學(xué)號(hào)XXXXXX所在院系土木工程與建筑系專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)建筑XXX指導(dǎo)教師XXXXXX年X月XX日2三、對(duì)本課題將要解決的主要問(wèn)題及解決問(wèn)題的思路與方法、擬采用的研究方法（技術(shù)路線）或設(shè)計(jì)（實(shí)驗(yàn)）方案進(jìn)行說(shuō)明1解決的主要問(wèn)題建筑學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)是個(gè)需要廣泛交流的專(zhuān)業(yè)，而傳統(tǒng)的教育模式往往對(duì)于這種要求都有著某種程度的忽視，而造成作為交流的物質(zhì)支撐條件的缺乏和不完善。這種情況已經(jīng)束縛了渴望交流的情感需要及專(zhuān)業(yè)的發(fā)展前景，為此我們一直在探討如何能夠解決這種束縛思想的問(wèn)題。建筑學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)習(xí)很大一部分來(lái)自老師與學(xué)生，學(xué)生與學(xué)生之間的交流。教室的意義在于提供一個(gè)空間，而不是限定這種交流。傳統(tǒng)的教室，老師授課，學(xué)生被動(dòng)接受知識(shí)，交流無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)。能否改變這種形式，使學(xué)生和老師更加自由所以，在此設(shè)計(jì)中我更重視交流空間的營(yíng)造和表達(dá)，希望引進(jìn)一種“開(kāi)放性交流”的概念。所以這個(gè)系館的設(shè)計(jì)主要是想改變一種舊有的模式，創(chuàng)造新的交流形式。2解決問(wèn)題所采用的研究方法在研究方法上主要是從功能、結(jié)構(gòu)及外部形態(tài)這些方面來(lái)深入考慮。一是功能，建筑系館不僅僅是一棟教學(xué)樓，他更象一個(gè)容器。我們?cè)诶锩嫔?、學(xué)習(xí)、工作、交流、思考、娛樂(lè)。這里面的功能是復(fù)雜多樣的，對(duì)各個(gè)空間的使用要求是不同的。因此在處理各部分空間時(shí)不能用一種手法進(jìn)行空間表達(dá)，需要采用綜合形式的空間組合。希望運(yùn)用不同的結(jié)構(gòu)形式滿足不同空間的使用要求。辦公、教學(xué)、實(shí)驗(yàn)、多功能演講、娛樂(lè)、活動(dòng)、休息等不同的空間都會(huì)在建筑中找到自己合適的位置，實(shí)現(xiàn)功能分區(qū)明確，流線合理，設(shè)施完善。二是結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭臻g的復(fù)雜和無(wú)序，因此在結(jié)構(gòu)中大部分采用可以靈活分隔空間的框架結(jié)構(gòu)，使其既有流動(dòng)空間又有一定的隱蔽空間，部分也會(huì)加入磚混及梁板結(jié)構(gòu)，以便滿足一些特殊空間的使用要求。根據(jù)不同的使用要求空間采用不同的組合方式，使建筑更加經(jīng)濟(jì)合理；運(yùn)用先進(jìn)的科技表達(dá)前衛(wèi)的思想，并不束縛于傳統(tǒng)的空間理念，這是我想表達(dá)的結(jié)構(gòu)思想。另外在材料的使用上也希望既滿足教育類(lèi)建筑的需求，也能反映一種時(shí)代及專(zhuān)業(yè)的特色。三是外部形態(tài)。在對(duì)建筑的外部形態(tài)的考慮上，希望不光單純的反映一種視覺(jué)效果，更能帶有專(zhuān)業(yè)的色彩，反映現(xiàn)代教育的精神和理念，使其成為校園中一道獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景線。四、檢索與本課題有關(guān)參考文獻(xiàn)資料的簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明1中國(guó)現(xiàn)代美術(shù)全集建筑藝術(shù)，鄔德儂，中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，199852耶魯大學(xué)藝術(shù)與建筑系館，（美）斯托勒，中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，2001103建筑設(shè)計(jì)資料集（1－8），蔡鎮(zhèn)鈺，中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，199464現(xiàn)代建筑，肯尼斯弗蘭姆著，張欽楠譯，生活讀書(shū)新知三聯(lián)書(shū)店，200435空間組合論，彭一剛，中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，200566建筑師，建筑師雜志社，中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，200247公共建筑設(shè)計(jì)原理，張文忠，中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)出版社，199510

簡(jiǎn)介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無(wú)需調(diào)整復(fù)雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷，本文價(jià)格不貴,也就幾十塊錢(qián)一輩子一次的事外文標(biāo)題RESEARCHONGREENCONSTRUCTIONMANAGEMENTOFBUILDINGENGINEERING外文作者YAOQIANSUN文獻(xiàn)出處APPLIEDMECHANICSDESIGNUNITINCONSIDERATIONOFARCHITECTURALDESIGNUSINGFUNCTIONALSODEALWITHBUILDINGENERGYSAVINGENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONMATERIALSHAVEAFULLUNDERSTANDING,ANDASFARASPOSSIBLEBYSUPERVISIONUNITSASAPERMANENTCONSTRUCTIONSITESUPERVISIONANDINSPECTIONOFTHEUNIT,THECONSTRUCTIONSITEOFSOMEOFTHEIMPACTOFTHESURROUNDINGENVIRONMENTANDPOLLUTIONPRACTICESSHOULDBERAISED,ANDURGETHECONSTRUCTIONUNITFORRECTIFICATIONCONSTRUCTIONUNITASTHEMAINOPERATINGUNITOFGREENCONSTRUCTION,THEPROJECTMANAGERSHOULDBETHEFIRSTRESPONSIBLEPERSONOFGREENCONSTRUCTIONWEESTABLISHTHECORRESPONDINGMANAGEMENTSYSTEMOFGREENCONSTRUCTIONINACCORDANCEWITHTHERELEVANTPROVISIONSOFTHEGREENCONSTRUCTION,SPECIALSUPERVISIONOFTHEPROJECTGREEN,NOTLESSTHANONCEAMONTHTOENSURETHATTHEGREENCONSTRUCTIONMATERIALMANAGEMENTWEUSETHENEWBUILDINGMATERIALS,ANDGRADUALLYEXPANDTHESTRUCTURALMATERIALS,DECORATIVEMATERIALS,STRUCTURALCOMPONENTSOFTHEINDUSTRIALIZATIONDEGREEIMPROVETHEFIELDINTENSIVEOPERATIONS,ANDEFFECTIVELYSAVERESOURCES,REDUCE