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簡(jiǎn)介：20172017年碩士研究生招生考試試題年碩士研究生招生考試試題AA卷科目代碼及名稱820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)適用專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)01、03方向考生IDEFINETHEFOLLOWINGTERMS30POINTS1EXOCENTRIC2PHONOLOGY3ROOT4CONVERSEANTONYMY5NIDA’SCLASSIFICATIONOFCULTURE6CONSTATIVEIIANALYSES30POINTS1USETREEDIAGRAMSINICANALYSISTOCLARIFYTHEGIVENCONSTRUCTIONS15POINTS1BEAUTIFULCITIESVILLAGES2CHINESEGEOGRAPHYTEACHERS3THEBOYWASCRYING2DESCRIBETHEFOLLOWINGSOUNDSEGMENTS15POINTS1D2N3Θ456IIIANSWERTHEGIVENQUESTIONSBELOW40POINTS1WHATARESOMEIMPTANTCONTRIBUTIONSTHATSOCIOLINGUISTICSHASMADETOLINGUISTICSTUDIES10POINTS2DOYOUTHINKTHEREARETRUESYNONYMSINENGLISHWHYNOT10POINTS3INWHATWAYDOWESAYCHINESEISATONELANGUAGE10POINTS4WHATISTHEDISTINCTIONBETWEENINFLECTIONALAFFIXESDERIVATIONALAFFIXES10POINTSIVWRITEASHTESSAYINABOUT500WDSONTHEGIVENTOPIC50POINTSWHATISYOURUNDERSTINGOFTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENLANGUAGELITERATURE第1頁(yè)，共1頁(yè)20172017年碩士研究生招生考試試題年碩士研究生招生考試試題AA卷科目代碼及名稱820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)適用專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)01、03方向考生IDEFINETHEFOLLOWINGTERMS30POINTS1EXOCENTRIC2PHONOLOGY3ROOT4CONVERSEANTONYMY5NIDA’SCLASSIFICATIONOFCULTURE6CONSTATIVEIIANALYSES30POINTS1USETREEDIAGRAMSINICANALYSISTOCLARIFYTHEGIVENCONSTRUCTIONS15POINTS1BEAUTIFULCITIESVILLAGES2CHINESEGEOGRAPHYTEACHERS3THEBOYWASCRYING2DESCRIBETHEFOLLOWINGSOUNDSEGMENTS15POINTS1D2N3Θ456IIIANSWERTHEGIVENQUESTIONSBELOW40POINTS1WHATARESOMEIMPTANTCONTRIBUTIONSTHATSOCIOLINGUISTICSHASMADETOLINGUISTICSTUDIES10POINTS2DOYOUTHINKTHEREARETRUESYNONYMSINENGLISHWHYNOT10POINTS3INWHATWAYDOWESAYCHINESEISATONELANGUAGE10POINTS4WHATISTHEDISTINCTIONBETWEENINFLECTIONALAFFIXESDERIVATIONALAFFIXES10POINTSIVWRITEASHTESSAYINABOUT500WDSONTHEGIVENTOPIC50POINTSWHATISYOURUNDERSTINGOFTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENLANGUAGELITERATURE第1頁(yè)，共1頁(yè)

簡(jiǎn)介：考試科目外語(yǔ)（英）水平考試共12頁(yè)第1頁(yè)2015年暨南大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)年暨南大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)706外語(yǔ)水平外語(yǔ)水平研究生入學(xué)考試試題研究生入學(xué)考試試題學(xué)科、專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)研究方向英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)考試科目名稱外語(yǔ)（英）水平考試考試科目代碼706考生注意所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙（卷）上，寫(xiě)在本試題上一律不給分?？荚嚳颇客庹Z(yǔ)（英）水平考試共12頁(yè)第3頁(yè)ACOMBINEDBHAVINGCOMBINEDCCOMBINEDBEINGCOMBINED18WOULDYOU_________TOGIVEMEAHELPINGHWHENIMOVETOTHENEWHOUSEABESOKINDBBEKINDASCBESOKINDASDBEKIND19THETOURISTSDECIDEDNOTTOMAKEATRIPTOTHATANCIENTTEMPLE__________ABUTSTAYWHERETHEYWEREBBUTSTAYINGWHERETHEYWERECBUTTOSTAYWHERETHEYWEREDINSTEADOFSTAYINGWHERETHEYWERE20THEREWASAVERYINTERESTINGREMARKINABOOKBYANENGLISHMANTHATIREADRECENTLY_________WHATHETHOUGHTWASAREASONFTHISAMERICANACTERISTICAGIVINGBGAVECTOGIVEDGIVEN21GOODNEWSWASSOMETIMESRELEASEDPREMATURELYWITHTHEBRITISHRECAPTUREOFTHEPT______HALFADAYBEFETHEDEFENDERSACTUALLYSURRENDEREDATOANNOUNCEBANNOUNCEDCANNOUNCINGDWASANNOUNCED22CONCERNSWERERAISED________WITNESSMIGHTBEENCOURAGEDTOEXAGGERATETHEIRSTIESINCOURTTOENSUREGUILTYVERDICTSAWHATBWHENCWHICHDTHAT23“WHATDIDTHEYUSETOGETTHEFLOUNDER”“ITHINKTHEYUSEDA_______”ABAMBOOLONGFISHINGPOLEBLONGBAMBOOFISHINGPOLECLONGPOLEBAMBOOFISHINGDBAMBOOFISHINGLONGPOLE24SUEWANTEDTOMAKESOMECOFFEEFHERGUESTSHOWEVER__________ASHEHADN’TMANYSUGARBTHEREWASNOTAGREATAMOUNTOFTHESUGARCSHEDIDNOTHAVEMUCHSUGARDSHEWASLACKINGINAMOUNTOFTHESUGAR25INHISTIMEHEENJOYEDAREPUTATION_________AASGREATASMOZARTIFNOTGREATERTHANBASGREATASIFNOTGREATERTHANMOZARTCASGREATIFNOTGREATERASMOZARTDGREATERIFNOTASGREATASMOZART26“WHATDOYOUTHINKABOUTTHEBOY”“THEBOY______IBELIEVEDTOBEHONESTDECEIVEDME”AWHOBWHATCWHICHDWHOM

簡(jiǎn)介：12013年外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)年外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)706外語(yǔ)水平考試研究生入學(xué)考試真題外語(yǔ)水平考試研究生入學(xué)考試真題學(xué)科、專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)研究方向英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)考試科目名稱706外語(yǔ)（英）水平考試考生注意所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙（卷）上，寫(xiě)在本試題上一律不給分。IVOCABULARYSTRUCTURE30POINTSDIRECTIONSTHEREARE30INCOMPLETESENTENCESINTHISSECTIONFEACHSENTENCETHEREARE4CHOICESMARKEDABCDCHOOSETHEONETHATBESTCOMPLETESTHESENTENCEMARKYOURANSWERONTHEANSWERSHEETWITHASINGLELINETHROUGHTHECENTER1SCIENCEINVOLVESIMAGINATIONCREATIVETHINKINGASWELLAS________BYTHEMSELVESARENOTSCIENCEACOLLECTSINFMATIONPERFMSEXPERIMENTSBCOLLECTINGINFMATIONPERFMINGEXPERIMENTSFACTSCCOLLECTINGINFMATIONSPERFMINGEXPERIMENTDCOLLECTSINFMATIONSPERFMEXPERIMENT2ASIDEFROMPERPETUATINGITSELFTHE________PURPOSEOFTHEAMERICANACADEMYINSTITUTEOFARTSLETTERSISTO“FOSTERASSISTSUSTAINANINTEREST“INLITERATUREMUSICARTAHONABLEBSOLECCOMMONDOFFICIAL3ARCHAEOLOGICALRECDS–PAINTINGSDRAWINGSCARVINGSOFHUMANSENGAGEDINACTIVITIESINVOLVINGTHEUSEOFHS–INDICATETHATHUMANSHAVEBEEN________RIGHTHEDFMETHAN5000YEARSAPREDOMINANTLYBPRECAUTIOUSLYCDISCIPLINARILYDSYMMETRICALLY4PLANTTISSUESCONTAINADIVERSEARRAYOFTOXICPOTENTIALLYTOXICSUBSTANCESSUCHASRESINSTANNINSGLYCOSIDESALKALOIDSMANYOF________AREHIGHLYEFFECTIVEDETERRENTSTOINSECTSTHATFEEDONPLANTSATHEMBTHATCWHICHDWHO5THESYSTEMNOLONGERHADMUCHINTEREST________NONTRADITIONALNEWEXTRASERVICESTOOLDERYOUTHSAONOFFERINGBINOFFERINGCOFFERDOFFERS6THESEWRITERSWHOCANGENUINELYBESAIDTOHAVECREATEDAGENRETHE“RAILROADNOVEL“3ARESOLVEDBRESISTANTCRESTRICTEDDRESERVED19URBANJAPANESEHAVELONGENDURED________COMMUTESCROWDEDLIVINGCONDITIONSBUTASTHEOLDGROUPFAMILYVALUESWEAKENTHEDISCOMFTISBEGINNINGTOTELLAEXCLUSIVEBEXTENDEDCEXTERNALDEXTERI20IFAMAN________WHATSTHEBESTCOURSEOFACTIONYOUSHOULDTAKEASTSYOUOFFBSHOWSYOUUPCSHOWSYOUOFFDSTSYOUUP21HEHADAN________HABITOFEMPTYINGASHTRAYSOUTOFHISUPSTAIRSWINDOWONTOOURDOSTEPAOBJECTIONABLEBAFFLICTINGCUNEDUCATEDDOFFENDING22THEJURY________HIMOFHAVINGCOMMITTEDTHEROBBERYHEWASTHENSENTENCEDTOFIVEYEARS’IMPRISONMENTAACCUSEDBGEDCCONVICTEDDACQUITTED23THEGOODNEWSISTHATASLONGASPEOPLEINFECTEDWITHHIVKEEPTAKINGTHETRIPLEDRUG________THEYHAVEANEXCELLENTCHANCEOFSURVIVINGTHEINFECTIONFALONGTIMEAANTIGENBCOCKTAILCMICROBEDTHERAPY24THETAXCUTSAREGOODNEWSFTHERICHBUTTHEPO________AGAINALOSEONBLOSEDOWNCLOSEOUTDLOSEUP25THENEWSTRAINOFCJDWAS________INANOTHERCASEBRINGINGTHETOTALOFSUSPECTEDVICTIMSTO13AIMPLICATEDBIMPLANTEDCIMPOSEDDIMPLEMENTED26INSOMEPEOPLE’SOPINIONTHISEPIDEMICOFTHEMADCOWDISEASEHASBEENATBESTACLUMSYMISTAKEOFTHEBRITISHGOVERNMENTBUTSOMEOFTHEOPPONENTSSCOLDEDITASA________ADISASTERBDISAPPOINTMENTCDISCREDITDDISGRACE27YOUMUST________YOUROLDPASSPTWHENAPPLYINGFANEWONEARESIGNBSURRENDERCABONDQUIT28THEFLOWASUNSAFEASSOMEOFTHEFLOBOARDSHAD________AWAYADAMAGEDBDESTROYEDCROTTEDDWASTED29EXCEPTFSOMECOLLEGES________BYTHECATHOLICCHURCHALLCOLLEGESUNIVERSITIESINTHEUNITEDSTATESPUBLICPRIVATEAREGOVERNEDBYABOARDOFTRUSTEESCOMPOSEDPRIMARILYOFLAYMENAELEVATEDBGRANTEDCPATENTEDDSPONSED30TOTHEFRUSTRATIONOFHISPANICPUBLISHERSADVERTISINGAGENCIESOFTENTREATSPANISHLANGUAGEBILINGUALNEWSPAPERSAS________INTHEIRMARKETINGPLANS

簡(jiǎn)介：2012年鄭州大學(xué)語(yǔ)言文字及語(yǔ)言學(xué)考研真題一、現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)（75分）1、名詞解釋?zhuān)款}5分，共25分）拈連音位語(yǔ)法反切存現(xiàn)句2、判斷（每題2分，共20分）關(guān)于詞類(lèi)歸屬的，有“人漸漸多起來(lái)”“他忽然想起來(lái)”“他寫(xiě)了一篇文章”“無(wú)論誰(shuí)都別想來(lái)”“突然”【判斷很容易的，有基本概念的判斷如“最小的語(yǔ)音單位是語(yǔ)素，對(duì)還是錯(cuò)”，還有一些普遍的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的判斷，所以，你只要掌握基礎(chǔ)的現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)，判斷拿滿分沒(méi)問(wèn)題。】訪諸謇叔諸之于注復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)是王立古代漢語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)，重要篇章有鄭伯克段于鄢齊桓公伐楚馮遠(yuǎn)客孟嘗君博學(xué)教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)等，常用詞（一）（二）（三），古漢語(yǔ)通論中的“古今詞義的異同”，是復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)之重。3、抄下面的內(nèi)容，并句讀、翻譯（共2題）張騫漢中人也建元中為郎時(shí)匈奴降者言匈奴破月氏王以其頭為飲器月氏遁而怨匈奴無(wú)與共擊之漢方欲事滅胡聞此言欲通使道必更匈奴中乃募能使者騫以郎應(yīng)募使月氏與堂邑氏奴甘父俱出隴西徑匈奴匈奴得之傳詣單于單于曰月氏在吾北漢何以得往使吾欲使越漢肯聽(tīng)我乎留騫十余歲予妻有子然騫持漢節(jié)不變。漢書(shū)（20分）句讀張騫，漢中人也，建元中為郎。時(shí)匈奴降者言匈奴破月氏王，以其頭為飲器，月氏遁而怨匈奴，無(wú)與共擊之。漢方欲事滅胡，聞此言，欲通使，道必更匈奴中，乃募能使者。騫以郎應(yīng)募，使月氏，與堂邑氏奴甘父俱出隴西。徑匈奴，匈奴得之，傳詣單于。單于曰“月氏在吾北，漢何以得往使吾欲使越，漢肯聽(tīng)我乎”留騫十余歲，予妻，有子，然騫持漢節(jié)不失。晏子為齊相出其御者之妻從門(mén)間而窺其夫其夫?yàn)橄嘤鶕泶笊w策駟馬

簡(jiǎn)介：2016年碩士研究生招生考士研究生招生考試試題試試題（A卷）卷）科目代科目代碼及名稱及名稱820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)言學(xué)適用適用專(zhuān)業(yè)專(zhuān)業(yè)英英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)言文學(xué)01、03方向考生方向考生（請(qǐng)考生在答題紙上答題，在此試題紙上答題無(wú)效請(qǐng)考生在答題紙上答題，在此試題紙上答題無(wú)效）IDEFINETHEFOLLOWINGTERMS50POINTS1INARRAT2LOCUTIONARYACT3SAPIRWHFHYPOTHESIS4REFERENCE5RELATIONALOPPOSITES6EXOCENTRICCONSTRUCTION7BACKFMATION8BLENDING9PHONOLOGY10COMPETENCEIIANSWERTHETWOGIVENQUESTIONS30POINTS1DOYOUAGREEWITHTHEVIEWTHATNOLANGUAGEISESPECIALLYSIMPLE2HOWDOESLANGUAGERELATETOCULTUREIIIANALYSES20POINTS1WRITEOUTTHEDIFFERENTMEANINGSOFTHEFOLLOWINGTWOAMBIGUOUSCONSTRUCTIONS10POINTS1THECHICKENISTOOHOTTOEAT2VISITINGRELATIVESCANBEBING2DOTHECOMPONENTIALANALYSISONTHELEXICALMEANINGSOFTHEGIVENWDSBELOW10POINTS1RAISE2WIFEIVWRITEASHTESSAYINABOUT500WDSONEITHEROFTHETWOTOPICSBELOW50POINTS1INCOGNITIVELINGUISTICSMETAPHISNOTAFIGUREOFSPEECHMERELYITISCONCEPTUALINWHATSENSEISMETAPHSAIDTOBECONCEPTUAL2GIVEACOMMENTONNOAMCHOMSKY’SINNATENESSHYPOTHESIS第1頁(yè)，共，共1頁(yè)2016年碩士研究生招生考士研究生招生考試試題試試題（A卷）卷）科目代科目代碼及名稱及名稱820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)言學(xué)適用適用專(zhuān)業(yè)專(zhuān)業(yè)英英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)言文學(xué)01、03方向考生方向考生（請(qǐng)考生在答題紙上答題，在此試題紙上答題無(wú)效請(qǐng)考生在答題紙上答題，在此試題紙上答題無(wú)效）IDEFINETHEFOLLOWINGTERMS50POINTS1INARRAT2LOCUTIONARYACT3SAPIRWHFHYPOTHESIS4REFERENCE5RELATIONALOPPOSITES6EXOCENTRICCONSTRUCTION7BACKFMATION8BLENDING9PHONOLOGY10COMPETENCEIIANSWERTHETWOGIVENQUESTIONS30POINTS1DOYOUAGREEWITHTHEVIEWTHATNOLANGUAGEISESPECIALLYSIMPLE2HOWDOESLANGUAGERELATETOCULTUREIIIANALYSES20POINTS1WRITEOUTTHEDIFFERENTMEANINGSOFTHEFOLLOWINGTWOAMBIGUOUSCONSTRUCTIONS10POINTS1THECHICKENISTOOHOTTOEAT2VISITINGRELATIVESCANBEBING2DOTHECOMPONENTIALANALYSISONTHELEXICALMEANINGSOFTHEGIVENWDSBELOW10POINTS1RAISE2WIFEIVWRITEASHTESSAYINABOUT500WDSONEITHEROFTHETWOTOPICSBELOW50POINTS1INCOGNITIVELINGUISTICSMETAPHISNOTAFIGUREOFSPEECHMERELYITISCONCEPTUALINWHATSENSEISMETAPHSAIDTOBECONCEPTUAL2GIVEACOMMENTONNOAMCHOMSKY’SINNATENESSHYPOTHESIS第1頁(yè)，共，共1頁(yè)

簡(jiǎn)介：考試科目外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合考試共8頁(yè)第1頁(yè)2013年外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)年外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)808外語(yǔ)綜合研究生入學(xué)考試真題外語(yǔ)綜合研究生入學(xué)考試真題學(xué)科、專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究方向各研究方向各研究方向考試科目名稱外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合考試外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合考試考試科目代碼考試科目代碼808考生注意所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙（卷）上，寫(xiě)在本試題上一律不給分。ⅠMULTIPLECHOICESTHEREARE20QUESTIONSINTHISPARTCHOOSETHEBESTANSWERTOEACHQUESTIONWRITEYOURANSWERSONTHEANSWERSHEETBOTHLITERATURECIDATESLINGUISTICSCIDATESMUSTDOTHISPART（20）1THESMALLESTSTATEOFTHEUNITEDSTATESIS______________ARHODEISLBMAINECTEXASDALASKA2INAMERICATHETHREEBIGGESTNEWSPAPERSAREOFTHEFOLLOWINGEXCEPT__________ANEWYKTIMESBREADERSDIGESTCWASHINGTONPOSTDLOSANGELESTIMES3THEECONOMICPROBLEMCAUSEDBYTHEDEPRESSIONIN1920WASFINALLYSOLVEDBY_________________AWLDWARIIBTHENEWDEALCTHEPRESIDENTIALELECTIONDTECHNOLOGICALDEVELOPMENT4WHICHOFFOLLOWINGCOUNTRYISLOCATEDINTHESOUTHERNHEMISPHEREAAUSTRALIABAMERICACENGLDCANADA5THECAPITALOFAUSTRALIAIS_______________ACANBERRABSYDNEYCMELBOURNEDQUEENSL6THEBRITISHISLESAREMADEUPOF________________LARGEISLSHUNDREDSOFSMALLONESATWOBTHREECFOURDFIVE考試科目外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合考試共8頁(yè)第3頁(yè)AEARLWARRENBMARTINLUTHERKINGJRCMCCARTHYDROSAPARKS17INTHEUNITEDSTATESHOWMANYYEARSDOESPRIMARYEDUCATIONREQUIREAFOURYEARSBFIVEYEARSCSIXYEARSDSEVENYEARS18THENUMBEROFTHEREPRESENTATIVESFROMEACHAMERICANSTATEDEPENDSONTHE______________ACONTRIBUTIONASTATEHASMADETOTHENATIONBPOPULATIONCSIZEDNONEOFTHEABOVE19THETWOMAINLMASSESINNEWZEALARE____________________ATHEWHITEISLTHETHERMALREGIONBTHENTHISLTHESOUTHISLCAUCKLTHESOUTHISLDTHESOUTHERNALPSTHENTHISL20CANADAISMADEUPOFTENPROVINCES_________________TERRITIESATWOBTHREECFOURDFIVEⅡFILLINTHEBLANKSWITHPROPERWDSWRITEYOURANSWERSONTHEANSWERSHEETBOTHLITERATURECIDATESLINGUISTICSCIDATESMUSTDOTHISPART（20）1___________ISUSUALLYDEFINEDASTHESCIENCEOFLANGUAGEALTERNATIVELYASTHESCIENTIFICSTUDYOFLANGUAGE2___________INVESTIGATESTHEINTERRELATIONOFLANGUAGEMINDINPROCESSINGPRODUCINGUTTERANCESINLANGUAGEACQUISITIONFEXAMPLE3THEPHARYNXMOUTHNOSEFMTHETHREECAVITIESOFTHE____________4THEIPAMAKESAVAILABLESOMEMESYMBOLSFFREQUENTLYOCCURRINGVOWELSTHENEUTRALVOWELISOFTENREFERREDTOAS____________5THERULEDERINGISHOWEVERNOTALWAYSNEEDEDASITFAILSTOAMUCHMEGENERAL

簡(jiǎn)介：2013年北京大學(xué)中國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)大綜合考試真題北大大綜合考試真題基礎(chǔ)題部分填空選擇1、“為何寫(xiě)作”是存在主義作家（）提出的。2、“別才別趣”是南宋理論家（）提出的。3、“戚而能諧，婉而多諷”是魯迅對(duì)長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)（）的評(píng)價(jià)。4、古希臘神話中勇敢闖過(guò)16道難關(guān)的大力士是（）5、中國(guó)第一部詞典是（）6、最后進(jìn)入十三經(jīng)的是（）。7、“披衣衣我，推食食我”在古代漢語(yǔ)中，“衣”“食”的聲音和意思都不同，這叫做（）。8、17年文學(xué)中，被稱為“圖卷戲”的戲劇是老舍的（）。9、“艷”“YAN4“的讀法是“四呼”中的（）。10、五六十年代的政治抒情詩(shī)的代表詩(shī)人是郭小川和（）。11、在那天洗濯沐浴是古代傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日（）的內(nèi)容。12、中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)第一部詩(shī)歌集是（）13郭沫若在作品（）中運(yùn)用了鳳凰在火中重生的傳說(shuō)。A劉鶚鐵云藏龜B孫怡讓契文舉例C羅振玉殷虛XXXXD羅振玉殷墟書(shū)契菁華8、下列概念不屬于某人的是（非薩特）（）ABC畏D惡心9、馮夢(mèng)龍搜集的吳語(yǔ)民歌集是（）A掛枝兒BC山歌D10是下列哪一個(gè)民族的史詩(shī)（）AXX孜族B藏族C蒙古族D維吾爾族11、下列有詞素意丟失現(xiàn)象的是（）A聽(tīng)證B裙釵C人物D迷惑12、古音韻學(xué)中，“促聲”指的是（）A仄聲B短調(diào)C入聲韻D入聲調(diào)13、錢(qián)鐘書(shū)說(shuō)“唐詩(shī)多以風(fēng)神情韻擅長(zhǎng)，宋詩(shī)多以見(jiàn)勝”。A筋骨思理BCD

簡(jiǎn)介：1碩士研究生入學(xué)考試大綱碩士研究生入學(xué)考試大綱（科目（科目819819漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合）漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合）一、考查目標(biāo)一、考查目標(biāo)全日制攻讀語(yǔ)文教育碩士專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)位入學(xué)考試漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)科目考試內(nèi)容包括中國(guó)古代文學(xué)史、中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史、中國(guó)當(dāng)代文學(xué)史、外國(guó)文學(xué)史和漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)（寫(xiě)作）五門(mén)漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課程，要求考生系統(tǒng)掌握相關(guān)學(xué)科的基本知識(shí)、基礎(chǔ)概念和基本理論，并能運(yùn)用相關(guān)知識(shí)及理論進(jìn)行漢語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作實(shí)踐。二、考試形式與試卷結(jié)構(gòu)二、考試形式與試卷結(jié)構(gòu)（一）試卷成績(jī)及考試時(shí)間本試卷滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為180分鐘。（二）答題方式答題方式為閉卷、筆試。（三）試卷內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)各部分內(nèi)容所占分值為中國(guó)文學(xué)史約80分外國(guó)文學(xué)史約20分漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)（寫(xiě)作）約50分（四）試卷題型結(jié)構(gòu)填空題或選擇題30題，每題1分，共30分名詞解釋題6小題，每小題5分，共30分簡(jiǎn)答題4小題，每小題10分，共40分寫(xiě)作題1小題，50分三、考查的主要內(nèi)容三、考查的主要內(nèi)容（一）中國(guó)古代文學(xué)史1、要求掌握中國(guó)古代文學(xué)史中出現(xiàn)的重要風(fēng)格、流派，重要的作家及其作品、重要文學(xué)事件等；掌握各階段重要的書(shū)目知識(shí)。2、要求對(duì)中國(guó)古代文學(xué)史中比較重要的文學(xué)現(xiàn)象、重要作品的思想內(nèi)容及其藝術(shù)特色、重要作家的歷史地位、重要的文學(xué)風(fēng)格流派及重要的文學(xué)理論等，進(jìn)行多角度的闡釋和評(píng)價(jià)。能對(duì)各種類(lèi)型的作家作品進(jìn)行比較分析。（二）中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史1、第一編（第一個(gè)十年）文學(xué)革命的發(fā)生與發(fā)展。外國(guó)文藝思潮的傳入和新文學(xué)社團(tuán)的蜂起。胡適與周作人與新文學(xué)初期的理論建設(shè)。文學(xué)創(chuàng)作潮流與趨向。魯迅與中國(guó)現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)的開(kāi)端與成熟。魯迅的思想發(fā)展過(guò)程。吶喊與彷徨。野草與朝花夕拾。“問(wèn)題小說(shuō)”與文學(xué)研究會(huì)。“自敘傳”抒情小說(shuō)與3漢語(yǔ)運(yùn)用（寫(xiě)作）說(shuō)明該部分主要考察學(xué)生漢語(yǔ)運(yùn)用能力，不提供考試大綱。

簡(jiǎn)介：外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院碩士研究生入學(xué)考試大綱外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院碩士研究生入學(xué)考試大綱復(fù)試科目復(fù)試科目046046外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及英美文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及英美文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)一、考查總目標(biāo)一、考查總目標(biāo)本科目考試內(nèi)容包括英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和英美文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和英美文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)二部分內(nèi)容，要求考生較好掌握英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)和英美文學(xué)的基本知識(shí)、基礎(chǔ)理論和基本方法，并能靈活運(yùn)用相關(guān)理論和方法。二、考試形式與試卷結(jié)構(gòu)二、考試形式與試卷結(jié)構(gòu)（一）試卷成績(jī)及考試時(shí)間本試卷滿分為100分?？荚嚂r(shí)間為180分鐘。（二）答題方式答題方式為閉卷、筆試。（三）試卷內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)各部分內(nèi)容所占分值如下語(yǔ)言學(xué)方向語(yǔ)言學(xué)方向復(fù)試語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)100分英美文學(xué)方向英美文學(xué)方向復(fù)試英美文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英美文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)100分三、考查范圍三、考查范圍英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)（一）考查目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)部分要求學(xué)生掌握基本的語(yǔ)言學(xué)知識(shí)，比較系統(tǒng)地了解一些主要的語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論和原則，理解語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究的內(nèi)容和方法，并具備一定的運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論解釋語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象、解決具體語(yǔ)言問(wèn)題的能力。（二）考查范圍1語(yǔ)言學(xué)的研究范疇；語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究中的基本概念；語(yǔ)言的本質(zhì)特征；語(yǔ)言的功能。2語(yǔ)言學(xué)主要分支學(xué)科，如語(yǔ)音學(xué)、音系學(xué)、形態(tài)學(xué)、詞匯學(xué)、句法學(xué)、（1）現(xiàn)代文學(xué)形成背景、基本精神和發(fā)展走向（2）現(xiàn)代文學(xué)文體、語(yǔ)言特征和表現(xiàn)手法（3）重要作家、代表作品及主題精神美國(guó)文學(xué)部分1美國(guó)清教主義時(shí)期和啟蒙主義時(shí)期文學(xué)（1）早期美國(guó)文學(xué)的背景、發(fā)展、特征、影響和意義（2）主要作家、代表作品及主題精神2浪漫主義時(shí)期美國(guó)文學(xué)（1）美國(guó)文學(xué)浪漫主義時(shí)期的歷史背景和基本精神（2）主要作家、代表作品及主題精神3現(xiàn)實(shí)主義和自然主義文學(xué)（1）美國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)和自然主義文學(xué)時(shí)期的歷史背景和基本精神（2）主要作家、代表作品及主題精神4現(xiàn)代文學(xué)時(shí)期和二戰(zhàn)后的美國(guó)文學(xué)（1）現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的形成背景、基本精神和發(fā)展走向（2）重要文學(xué)流派和代表作家及作品主題思想（三）考試題型名詞解釋、簡(jiǎn)答題及論述題

簡(jiǎn)介：考試科目外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合考試共8頁(yè)第1頁(yè)2014年暨南大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)年暨南大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)808外語(yǔ)綜合研究生入學(xué)考試真題（外語(yǔ)綜合研究生入學(xué)考試真題（B卷）卷）學(xué)科、專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究方向各研究方向考試科目名稱外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合考試考試科目代碼808考生注意所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙上，寫(xiě)在本試題冊(cè)上一律不給分。ⅠMULTIPLECHOICESTHEREARE20QUESTIONSINTHISPARTCHOOSETHEBESTANSWERTOEACHQUESTIONWRITEYOURANSWERSONTHEANSWERSHEETBOTHLITERATURECIDATESLINGUISTICSCIDATESMUSTDOTHISPART（20）1_______HASEARNEDTHENAMEOF“THELOFSONG”AENGLBWALESCSCOTLDIREL2THELARGESTCITYINNEWZEALIS___________ACHRISTCHURCHBDUNEDINCAUCKLDWELLINGTON3INTHEUNITEDKINGDOMMINISTERSAREAPPOINTEDBYTHEQUEENONTHERECOMMENDATIONOF_________ATHELDCHANCELLBTHEMONARCHCTHEKINGDTHEPRIMEMINISTER4ESTABLISHEDCHURCHESINBRITAINARE________ACHURCHOFENGLCHURCHINWALESBCHURCHOFENGLCHURCHOFSCOTLCTHEANGLICANCHURCHESDCHURCHINWALESCHURCHOFSCOTL5THE______OFBRITAINAREMAINLYHIGHLSTHE______AREMAINLYLOWLSANTHWESTEASTSOUTHBNTHEASTSOUTHWESTCSOUTHWESTNTHWESTDEASTWESTNTHSOUTH6THEHUNDREDYEARS’WARISTHEINTERMITTENTCONFLICTSBETWEEN_____________THATLASTEDFROM1337TO1453考試科目外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)綜合考試共8頁(yè)第3頁(yè)ATHEINTERNATIONALHERALDTRIBUNEBTHEGUARDIANCTHEDAILYTELEGRAPHDNEWSWEEK15CANADACONSISTSOF_______PROVINCES__________TERRITIESA83B103C82D10216THEENGLISHCIVILWARALSOCALLEDTHEPURITANREVOLUTIONISGENERALLYREGARDEDASTHEBEGINNINGOF________MODERNHISTYAEUROPEANBWELSHCWLDDSCOTTISH17THEFOLLOWINGWERETHEFOUNDINGFATHERSOFTHEAMERICANREPUBLICEXCEPT_______AWILLIAMPENBGEGEWASHINGTONCBENJAMINFRANKLINDTHOMASJEFFERSON18THEBASICSTRUCTUREOFAUSTRALIAGOVERNMENTISBASEDON_________ATHEBRITISHMODELBTHEAMERICANMODELCBOTHTHEBRITISHTHEAMERICANMODELSDNEITHERTHEBRITISHNTHEAMERICANMODELS19WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSPTSWASNOTINVENTEDINBRITAINAFOOTBALLBTENNISCCRICKETDARCHERY20THEARRIVALOF_______INAD432WASTHEMOSTIMPTANTEVENTINIRISHHISTYAEAMONDEVALERABSTPATRICKCPALLADIUSDECHILDERSⅡFILLINTHEBLANKSWITHPROPERWDSWRITEYOURANSWERSONTHEANSWERSHEETBOTHLITERATURECIDATESLINGUISTICSCIDATESMUSTDOTHISPART（20）1________MEANSTHATHUMANLANGUAGESENABLETHEIRUSERSTOSYMBOLIZEOBJECTSEVENTSCONCEPTSWHICHARENOTPRESENTINTIMESPACEATTHEMOMENTOFCOMMUNICATION2ASSIMILATIONISAPHONOLOGICALTERMOFTENUSEDSYNONYMOUSLYWITHCOARTICULATIONWHICHISMEOFA_________TERM

簡(jiǎn)介：日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)本科目是一門(mén)綜合性考試科目，包括日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)、日本文學(xué)和日本文化三方面的內(nèi)容，滿分為150分，三個(gè)部分各占50分，考試時(shí)間為180分鐘。各部分具體要求如下Ⅰ、日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)（50分）分）1考查考生對(duì)日語(yǔ)以及語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的整體了解，要求考生用舉例說(shuō)明的方式解釋某一術(shù)語(yǔ)或日語(yǔ)某一現(xiàn)象，共5題，滿分為30分。2考查考生的理論水平及邏輯思維和論證能力，以論述題的方式考試，共2題，任選1題作答，滿分為20分。Ⅱ、日本文學(xué)日本文學(xué)（50分）分）1考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上著名作家、著名作品以及日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上重大事件的了解，以填空的形式進(jìn)行考察。共10個(gè)填空題，滿分為15分。2考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上常見(jiàn)詞語(yǔ)的理解和用日語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋的能力。共2個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，滿分為10分。3考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的閱讀理解及漢譯能力，要求將日本近代文學(xué)名著節(jié)選翻譯成現(xiàn)代日語(yǔ)。滿分為10分。4考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的鑒賞能力及漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力，要求閱讀給出的日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)作品節(jié)選后，用中文寫(xiě)出讀后感。滿分為15分。Ⅲ、日本文化日本文化（50分）分）1考查考生對(duì)日本文化史的整體了解，以名詞解釋的方式展開(kāi)考試，共4題，滿分為28分。2考查考生的理論水平及邏輯思維和論證能力，以論述題的方式考試，共2題，任選1題作答，滿分為22分。日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)本科目是一門(mén)綜合性考試科目，包括日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)、日本文學(xué)和日本文化三方面的內(nèi)容，滿分為150分，三個(gè)部分各占50分，考試時(shí)間為180分鐘。各部分具體要求如下Ⅰ、日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)（50分）分）1考查考生對(duì)日語(yǔ)以及語(yǔ)言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的整體了解，要求考生用舉例說(shuō)明的方式解釋某一術(shù)語(yǔ)或日語(yǔ)某一現(xiàn)象，共5題，滿分為30分。2考查考生的理論水平及邏輯思維和論證能力，以論述題的方式考試，共2題，任選1題作答，滿分為20分。Ⅱ、日本文學(xué)日本文學(xué)（50分）分）1考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上著名作家、著名作品以及日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上重大事件的了解，以填空的形式進(jìn)行考察。共10個(gè)填空題，滿分為15分。2考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上常見(jiàn)詞語(yǔ)的理解和用日語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋的能力。共2個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，滿分為10分。3考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的閱讀理解及漢譯能力，要求將日本近代文學(xué)名著節(jié)選翻譯成現(xiàn)代日語(yǔ)。滿分為10分。4考查考生對(duì)日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的鑒賞能力及漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力，要求閱讀給出的日本近現(xiàn)代文學(xué)作品節(jié)選后，用中文寫(xiě)出讀后感。滿分為15分。Ⅲ、日本文化日本文化（50分）分）1考查考生對(duì)日本文化史的整體了解，以名詞解釋的方式展開(kāi)考試，共4題，滿分為28分。2考查考生的理論水平及邏輯思維和論證能力，以論述題的方式考試，共2題，任選1題作答，滿分為22分。

簡(jiǎn)介：考試科目外語(yǔ)（英）水平考試共10頁(yè)第1頁(yè)2012年暨南大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)年暨南大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)706外語(yǔ)水平碩士研究生入學(xué)考試真題外語(yǔ)水平碩士研究生入學(xué)考試真題學(xué)科、專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究方向各方向考試科目名稱外語(yǔ)（英）水平考試考試科目代碼706考生注意所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙（卷）上，寫(xiě)在本試題上一律不給分。PARTIGRAMMARVOCABULARY30POINTSDIRECTIONSBENEATHEACHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCESTHEREAREFOURCHOICESMARKEDABCDCHOOSETHEONETHATBESTCOMPLETESTHESENTENCEBESTEXPLAINSTHEUNDERLINEDWDWRITEYOURANSWERONTOTHEANSWERSHEET1MONEYBEAUTYFAMESTATUS______FQUITEALONGTIMEVANISHEDINTHEBLINKOFANEYEAHEHADPOSSESSEDBTHATHEHADPOSSESSEDCHEHADPOSSESSEDDTHOSEHEHADPOSSESSED2ASERIESOFHIGHTECHNOLOGYPRODUCTS______INTHEEXHIBITIONAHASBEENLAIDOUTBHAVEBEENLAIDOUTCHASLAIDOUTDHAVELAIDOUT3THETEACHERALONGWITHALLHISSTUDENTS______HAVEAPICNICTHISWEEKENDAAREGOINGTOBISGOINGTOCTHEYWILLDWHOWILL4THETITANICTURNEDJUSTINTIME______THEIMMENSEWALLOFICEANARROWMISSEDBNARROWMISSINGCNARROWLYMISSEDDNARROWLYMISSING5_______IDEASCANBEEXPRESSEDACCURATELYEFFECTIVELYAUSEDSIMPLESENTENCESBUSINGSIMPLESENTENCESCYOUUSESIMPLESENTENCESDUSESIMPLESENTENCES6THELARGESTCOLLECTIONEVERFOUNDINENGLWASONEOFABOUT200000SILVERPENNIES_______AALLOFTHEMWEREOVER600YEARSOLDBALLOFWHOMWEREOVER600YEARSOLDCALLOFTHEMOVER600YEARSOLDDALLOFTHATWASOVER600YEARSOLD7ONSUNDAYSTHEREWEREALOTOFCHILDRENPLAYINGINTHEPARK_______ATHEIRPARENTSSEATTOGETHERJOKINGBTHEIRPARENTSSEATEDTOGETHERJOKINGCTHEIRPARENTSSEATINGTOGETHERJOKINGDTHEIRPARENTSWERESEATEDTOGETHERJOKING8IPROGRAMMEDMYCOMPUTERTOSCANFVIRUSES_________AEVERYTIMEITTURNSONBEVERYTIMEWHENITTURNSON考試科目外語(yǔ)（英）水平考試共10頁(yè)第3頁(yè)20THEASPHALTATLABREASEEPSTOTHESURFACEESPECIALLYINTHESUMMERFMSSHALLOWPUDDLESTHATWOULDOFTENHAVEBEENCONCEALEDBYLEAVESDUSTAHIGHLIGHTEDBCOVEREDCTRANSFMEDDCONTAMINATED21THEOCEANBOTTOMAREGIONNEARLY25TIMESGREATERTHANTHETOTALLAREAOFTHEEARTHISAVASTFRONTIERTHATEVENTODAYISLARGELYUNEXPLEDUNTEDUNTILABOUTACENTURYAGOTHEDEEPOCEANFLOWASCOMPLETELYINACCESSIBLEHIDDENBENEATHWATERSAVERAGINGOVER3600METERSDEEPAUNRECOGNIZABLEBUNREACHABLECUNUSABLEDUNSAFE22THEDSDPSDRILLSHIPTHEGLOMARCHALLENGERWASABLETOMAINTAINASTEADYPOSITIONONTHEOCEANSSURFACEDRILLINVERYDEEPWATERSEXTRACTINGSAMPLESOFSEDIMENTSROCKFROMTHEOCEANFLOABREAKINGBLOCATINGCREMOVINGDANALYZING23FEVERYTHREECANADIANSIN1945THEREWEREOVERFIVEIN1966INSEPTEMBER1966CANADASPOPULATIONPASSEDTHE20MILLIONMARKMOSTOFTHISSURGINGGROWTHCAMEFROMNATURALINCREASEANEWBEXTRACACCELERATINGDSURPRISING24WHENTHEPRAIRIESWEREBEINGSETTLEDUNDOUBTEDLYTHEGOODECONOMICCONDITIONSOFTHE1950SSUPPTEDAGROWTHINTHEPOPULATIONBUTTHEEXPANSIONALSODERIVEDFROMATRENDTOWARDEARLIERMARRIAGESANINCREASEINTHEAVERAGESIZEOFFAMILIESATENDENCYBAIMCGROWTHDDIRECTIVE25ITWASEVENTUALLYTOBEOVERTAKENBYANEWSCHOOLOFTHOUGHTKNOWNASFUNCTIONALISMTHATHADBEENPRESENTSINCETHETURNOFTHECENTURYASURPASSEDBINCLINEDCEXPRESSEDDAPPLIED26THEPURPOSEOFANADVERTISEMENTISTOMAKEPEOPLERESPONDTOMAKETHEMREACT______ANIDEASUCHASHELPINGTOPREVENTFESTFIRESTOMAKETHEMWANTTOBUYACERTAINPRODUCTSERVICEAAGAINSTBWITHCTODF27TOFINDPROOFYOUHAVEONLYTO_______AMAGAZINENEWSPAPERCOUNTTHERADIOTELEVISIONCOMMERCIALSTHATYOUHEARINONEEVENINGAPUTUPBKEEPUPCTAKEOVERDLEAFTHROUGH28WHATEVERTHEGOVERNMENTPARENTSDECIDETHOUGHITISREALLYTHECHILDRENWHOHAVETO______THEIRDECISIONSALIVEUPTOBLIVETOCLIVEWITHDLIVEON29TOCOMMUNICATETHEMANOFTENRESTS______BODYLANGUAGEATOBINTOCOVERDWITH30MOTIVESREASONSFCHANGINGCAREERSVARYWIDELYBUTMANYPEOPLEMOVEBECAUSETHEYFEELSTALE______AGRINDINGDULLROUTINEABOUNDTOBFEDUPWITHCFILLEDWITHDACCUSTOMEDTOPARTIIPROOFREADINGERRCRECTION10POINTSDIRECTIONSPROOFREADTHEGIVENPASSAGEASINSTRUCTEDTHEPASSAGECONTAINSTENERRSEACHINDICATEDLINECONTAINSAMAXIMUMONEERRINEACHCASEONLYONEWDISINVOLVEDYOUSHOULDPROOFREADTHEPASSAGECRECTITINTHEFOLLOWINGWAY